Loss of Oestrus and Concealed Ovulation in Human Evolution
Loss of Oestrus and Concealed Ovulation in Human Evolution
复制标题
人类进化中的发情丧失和隐性排卵
作者：
B. Pawłowski
没有发情期和排卵表现是人类特有的假设，引发了各种各样的建议，认为选择压力在这些特征的进化中以性选择或其他行为适应的形式发挥了作用。然而，对非人类灵长类动物和人类性行为的分析表明，持续的接受性并不是人类所独有的，人类的性行为也不是独立于月经周期的阶段。人类和非人灵长类动物之间性行为分布的数量差异可能是许多形态、生态和文化因素的结果，而这些差异是这些因素的副作用。在排卵视觉表现消失的假设选择压力的情况下，早期人科黑猩猩的肛门生殖器肿胀模型可能被早期人科的肿胀相对较小的模型所取代。人类活动的减少可能是由两足运动、水积累成本、该区域充血和脂肪组织增加引起的。此外，在非洲大草原的气候条件下，在性行为的背景下，嗅觉交流将足以探测月经周期的肥沃时期。因此，假设人类在上新世/更新世进化过程中存在直接的性行为选择压力似乎是不合理的。
The assumption that absence of oestrus and of manifestations of ovulation is specific to humans has given rise to various proposals of a role for selection pressures in the evolution of these features in the form of sexual selection or other behavioural adaptations. Analysis of the sexual behaviour of nonhuman primates and humans indicates, however, that constant receptivity is not unique to humans and that human sexual behaviour is not independent of the phases of the menstrual cycle. Quantitative differences in the distribution of sexual behaviour between humans and the nonhuman primates in question may be the result of many morphological, ecological, and cultural factors of which those differences are side effects. In the case of the postulated selection pressures on the disappearance of visual manifestations of ovulation, the rather unlikely chimpanzee model of anogenital swelling in the early Hominidae may be replaced by an early‐hominoidal model in which the swelling was relatively small. Its reduction in anthropogenesis may have been caused by bipedal locomotion, the cost of water accumulation, hyperaemia of the area, and an increase in adipose tissue. Furthermore, olfactory communication in the context of sexual behaviour in the climatic conditions of the African savannah would have been sufficient for detection of the fertile periods of the menstrual cycle. Thus, assuming the existence of direct selection pressures on sexual behaviour in the Plio/Pleistocene evolution of the Homininae seems unjustified.
人类腋窝气味的蛋白质前体：两种新型气味结合蛋白的分离。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1995
期刊：
Experientia
影响因子：
--
作者：
Spielman,AI;Zeng,XN;Leyden,JJ;Preti,G
通讯作者：
Preti,G
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
CERNOCH, JM;PORTER, RH
通讯作者：
PORTER, RH