The thermodynamics of irreversible processes III Relativistic theory of the simple fluid
The thermodynamics of irreversible processes III Relativistic theory of the simple fluid
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DOI：
10.1103/physrev.58.919
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发表时间：
1940-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eckart, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckart, C
本系列第一篇论文的考虑被修改，以便与狭义相对论保持一致。指出能量的惯性并不否定物质守恒假设的必要性。因此，物质应该被解释为分子的数量，而不是惯性。它的速度矢量用来定义局部的真时轴，能量动量张量被分解成真时和真空分量。结果表明，热力学第一定律是一个标量方程，而不是能量动量原理的第四分量。温度和熵也被证明是标量。傅立叶热传导定律和粘性定律的简单相对论性推广是从第二定律的要求得到的。同样的考虑直接导致欧姆定律被接受的相对论形式。
The considerations of the first paper of this series are modified so as to be consistent with the special theory of relativity. It is shown that the inertia of energy does not obviate the necessity for assuming the conservation of matter. Matter is to be interpreted as number of molecules, therefore, and not as inertia. Its velocity vector serves to define local proper-time axes, and the energy momentum tensor is resolved into proper-time and-space components. It is shown that the first law of thermodynamics is a scalar equation, and not the fourth component of the energy-momentum principle. Temperature and entropy also prove to be scalars. Simple relativistic generalizations of Fourier's law of heat conduction, and of the laws of viscosity are obtained from the requirements of the second law. The same considerations lead directly to the accepted relativistic form of Ohm's law.