Behavioural frameworks to understand public perceptions of and risk response to carbon dioxide removal
Behavioural frameworks to understand public perceptions of and risk response to carbon dioxide removal
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DOI：
10.1098/rsfs.2020.0002
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发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Trisha R. Shrum;E. Markowitz;H. Buck;R. Gregory;S. van der Linden;S. Attari;Leaf Van Boven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trisha R. Shrum;E. Markowitz;H. Buck;R. Gregory;S. van der Linden;S. Attari;Leaf Van Boven
大规模采用二氧化碳去除（CDR）技术，以减少碳排放，将需要在不同地区进行个人和集体决策，以便大规模扩大规模。公众和其他决策者尚未对大多数CDR技术形成强烈的态度、信念和偏好，也未对CDR的政策机制和纳税人支持采取立场。目前科学家、政策分析家和政策制定者之间关于CDR的许多话语隐含地假设决策者将表现出公正、理性的行为，以衡量CDR的成本和收益。在本文中，我们回顾了行为决策理论，并讨论了公众对CDR的反应如何不同于理性选择理论，甚至比理性选择理论所暗示的更复杂。鉴于人们不会在真空中形成态度和意见，我们概述了基本的社会规范原则如何塑造重要的群体间、群体内和社会网络过程，这些过程影响对CDR技术的支持或反对。我们还指出了一些关键的见解，这些见解可以帮助利益相关者制定公共宣传策略，预测人们如何评估CDR方法的风险和收益的细微差别。最后，我们概述了关键的研究问题，以了解CDR的行为组成部分，以便为新兴的公众反应制定计划。
The adoption of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies at a scale sufficient to draw down carbon emissions will require both individual and collective decisions that happen over time in different locations to enable a massive scale-up. Members of the public and other decision-makers have not yet formed strong attitudes, beliefs and preferences about most of the individual CDR technologies or taken positions on policy mechanisms and tax-payer support for CDR. Much of the current discourse among scientists, policy analysts and policy-makers about CDR implicitly assumes that decision-makers will exhibit unbiased, rational behaviour that weighs the costs and benefits of CDR. In this paper, we review behavioural decision theory and discuss how public reactions to CDR will be different from and more complex than that implied by rational choice theory. Given that people do not form attitudes and opinions in a vacuum, we outline how fundamental social normative principles shape important intergroup, intragroup and social network processes that influence support for or opposition to CDR technologies. We also point to key insights that may help stakeholders craft public outreach strategies that anticipate the nuances of how people evaluate the risks and benefits of CDR approaches. Finally, we outline critical research questions to understand the behavioural components of CDR to plan for an emerging public response.