Estimated risk for altered fetal growth resulting from exposure to fine particles during pregnancy: an epidemiologic prospective cohort study in Poland.
Estimated risk for altered fetal growth resulting from exposure to fine particles during pregnancy: an epidemiologic prospective cohort study in Poland.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.7065
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发表时间：
2004-10
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Perera, Frederica P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jedrychowski, Wieslaw;Bendkowska, Ivona;Flak, Elzbieta;Penar, Agnieszka;Jacek, Ryszard;Kaim, Irena;Spengler, John D;Camann, David;Perera, Frederica P
这项研究的目的是估计波兰孕妇暴露在细颗粒物[PM2.5直径(≤2.5μm)]中的情况，并评估其对分娩结局的影响。队列由362名孕妇组成，她们在怀孕34到43周之间分娩。登记的只包括18-35岁的独生子女怀孕的不吸烟女性，她们没有糖尿病和高血压等慢性病。PM2.5是在怀孕中期通过个人空气监测在48小时内测量的。所有评估的分娩效果都在多元线性回归模型中进行了调整，以确定潜在的混杂因素，如母亲的体型(母亲的身高、孕前体重)、产次、孩子的性别、胎龄、出生季节和自我报告的环境烟草烟雾(ETS)。回归模型解释了出生体重变异的35%(β=−200.8，p=0.03)，PM2.5与出生长度(β=−1.44，p=0.01)和头围(HC；β=−0.73，p=0.02)的回归系数也是显著的。在所有回归模型中，ETS的影响不显著。暴露剂量从10μg/m~3增加到50 mgg/m~3时，出生体重预计减少140.3 g，出生身长相应减少1 cm，HC相应减少0.5 cm。这项研究提供了新的令人信服的流行病学证据，表明个人接触高水平的细颗粒物与对发育中的胎儿的不利影响有关。这些结果表明有必要降低环境中的细颗粒物浓度。然而，进一步的研究应该建立可能的生物学机制来解释所观察到的关系。
The purpose of this study was to estimate exposure of pregnant women in Poland to fine particulate matter [≤2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5)] and to assess its effect on the birth outcomes. The cohort consisted of 362 pregnant women who gave birth between 34 and 43 weeks of gestation. The enrollment included only nonsmoking women with singleton pregnancies, 18–35 years of age, who were free from chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. PM2.5 was measured by personal air monitoring over 48 hr during the second trimester of pregnancy. All assessed birth effects were adjusted in multiple linear regression models for potential confounding factors such as the size of mother (maternal height, prepregnancy weight), parity, sex of child, gestational age, season of birth, and self-reported environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). The regression model explained 35% of the variability in birth weight (β = −200.8, p = 0.03), and both regression coefficients for PM2.5 and birth length (β = −1.44, p = 0.01) and head circumference (HC; β = −0.73, p = 0.02) were significant as well. In all regression models, the effect of ETS was insignificant. Predicted reduction in birth weight at an increase of exposure from 10 to 50 μg/m3 was 140.3 g. The corresponding predicted reduction of birth length would be 1.0 cm, and of HC, 0.5 cm. The study provides new and convincing epidemiologic evidence that high personal exposure to fine particles is associated with adverse effects on the developing fetus. These results indicate the need to reduce ambient fine particulate concentrations. However, further research should establish possible biologic mechanisms explaining the observed relationship.