Specialized aquatic resource exploitation at the Late Natufian site of Nahal Ein Gev II, Israel.
Specialized aquatic resource exploitation at the Late Natufian site of Nahal Ein Gev II, Israel.
复制标题
以色列 Nahal Ein Gev II 晚期纳图夫遗址的专业水生资源开发。
DOI：
10.1007/s12520-020-01257-1
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Munro, Natalie D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munro, Natalie D.
本文调查了纳图夫晚期遗址（约1000年）的水产资源开发。位于加利利海以东2公里处的Nahal Ein Gev II。水生动物，这里指的是鱼类和水禽，是西南亚晚石器时代重要的多样化小型动物资源的重要组成部分。我们的特点是当地的水生栖息地及其经济和社会影响纳哈勒艾因格夫II适应。分类丰度和多样性，身体部分的代表性，和鱼的身体大小进行了调查，以评估水产资源对人类饮食和屠宰和运输策略的贡献。我们的研究结果表明，纳哈勒Ein Gev II的居民是高度选择性的水产资源，他们捕获和运输回家。猎人们几乎只选择体型最大的鱼类和水禽，并在将它们运回现场之前加工它们的尸体，以最大限度地提高肉类的利用率，从而最大限度地提高了觅食效率。这些人类觅食者的选择性使我们能够重建关于对水生资源的突袭组织的罕见细节。当结合证据，从其他材料类从纳哈勒艾因格夫II和其他网站，结果表明，水产资源开发只是在纳哈勒艾因格夫II实行的几个专门活动之一。这些沿着其他考古证据提供了任务多样化的证据，预示着在新石器时代之后出现的更复杂的劳动分工。
This paper investigates aquatic resource exploitation at the Late Natufian site (ca. 12,000 cal. BP) of Nahal Ein Gev II located 2 km east of the Sea of Galilee. Aquatic game, here fish and waterfowl, were an important component of the diverse small game resources that became important in the Late Epipaleolithic in Southwest Asia. We characterize local adaptations to the aquatic habitat and their economic and social implications at Nahal Ein Gev II. Taxonomic abundance and diversity, body-part representation, and fish body-size were investigated to evaluate the contribution of aquatic resources to human diets and butchery and transport strategies. Our results show that the residents of Nahal Ein Gev II were highly selective of the aquatic resources they captured and transported home. The hunters maximized foraging efficiency by nearly exclusively choosing the largest bodied species of fish and waterfowl and processing their carcasses to maximize meat utility before transporting them back to the site. The selectivity of these human foragers enables us to reconstruct rare details about the organization of forays for aquatic resources. When combined with evidence from other material classes from Nahal Ein Gev II and other sites, the results suggest that aquatic resource exploitation is only one of several specialized activities practiced at Nahal Ein Gev II. These along with other archaeological evidence provide evidence of task diversification that foreshadows the emergence of a more complex division of labor to come in the succeeding Neolithic period.