Contamination of Household Open Wells in an Urban Area of Trivandrum, Kerala State, India: A Spatial Analysis of Health Risk Using Geographic Information System.
Contamination of Household Open Wells in an Urban Area of Trivandrum, Kerala State, India: A Spatial Analysis of Health Risk Using Geographic Information System.
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DOI：
10.1177/1178630218806892
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Nujum ZT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ananth M;Rajesh R;Amjith R;A L A;Valamparampil MJ;Harikrishnan M;Resmi MS;Sreekanth KB;Sara V;Sethulekshmi S;Prasannakumar V;Deepthi SK;Jemin AJ;Krishna DS;Anish TS;Insija IS;Nujum ZT
评估印度喀拉拉邦特里凡得琅市区家庭水井的卫生状况和水质，并利用地理信息系统 (GIS) 对其进行空间描述。基于社区的横断面普查型研究。研究是在特里凡得琅市区进行的。居住在 1.05 平方公里区域内的所有家庭 (n = 449) 都参与了这项研究。使用结构化问卷和差分全球定位系统（DGPS）设备来收集数据。采集的水样在认可的实验室进行分析。大部分井处于中高污染风险状态，超过77%的井7.5米半径范围内设有化粪池。 73% 的水井普遍存在大肠菌群污染，地下水主要呈酸性，平均值为 5.4，不适合饮用。井的氯化和清洁措施不充分，除了靠近的化粪池外，这与大肠菌污染密切相关。然而，该地区广泛采用煮沸等水净化方法。尽管存在污染风险高且氯化措施不足的水井，但该地区水传播疾病的明显罕见可能归因于家庭消费水平上广泛的煮沸和水净化做法。事实证明，GIS 技术在选择环境决定因素（例如井附近的污染源）和规划控制活动方面非常有用。
To assess the sanitary condition and water quality of household wells and to depict it spatially using Geographic Information System (GIS) in an urban area of Trivandrum, Kerala state, India. A community-based cross-sectional census-type study. Study was conducted in an urban area of Trivandrum. All households (n = 449) residing in a 1.05 km2 area were enrolled in the study. Structured questionnaire and Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) device were used for data collection. Water samples taken were analyzed in an accredited laboratory. Most of the wells were in an intermediate-high contamination risk state, with more than 77% of wells having a septic tank within 7.5 m radius. Coliform contamination was prevalent in 73% of wells, and the groundwater was predominantly acidic with a mean of 5.4, rendering it unfit for drinking. The well chlorination and cleaning practices were inadequate, which were significantly associated with coliform contamination apart from a closely located septic tank. However, water purification practices like boiling were practiced widely in the area. Despite the presence of wells with high risk of contamination and inadequate chlorination practices, the apparent rarity of Water-borne diseases in the area may be attributed to the widespread boiling and water purification practices at the consumption level by the households. GIS technology proves useful in picking environmental determinants like polluting sources near the well and to plan control activities.
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Mintz, E;Bartram, J;Wegelin, M
通讯作者：
Wegelin, M
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Rylander, Ragnar
通讯作者：
Rylander, Ragnar