Patterns of grandparental child care across Europe: the role of the policy context and working mothers' need
Patterns of grandparental child care across Europe: the role of the policy context and working mothers' need
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DOI：
10.1017/s0144686x1600009x
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Aassve, Arnstein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bordone, Valeria;Arpino, Bruno;Aassve, Arnstein
在整个欧洲，祖父母扮演着非常不同的角色。本文件研究祖父母作为儿童保育提供者的作用在多大程度上与国家政策背景有关，重点是公共儿童保育服务和育儿假监管，以及妇女获得兼职工作的情况。我们还探讨了母亲将家庭和工作结合在一起的需求是否会以不同的方式影响各国祖父母照看孩子的频率。该分析结合了欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查的微观数据以及多链接数据库和欧盟统计局的宏观指标。我们发现，政策背景和祖父母照看孩子的频率之间存在明显的关联。出现了三种模式。在接近默认熟悉主义模式的国家(即以公共托儿服务和育儿假稀缺为特点)，当祖父母提供托儿服务时，他们通常每天都做这件事。在以陌生和受支持的熟悉主义政策(慷慨的公共服务和育儿假)为特征的国家，祖父母扮演着边缘角色。一种中间模式出现在以提供有限的儿童保育或育儿假为特点的国家，在这些国家，祖父母照看孩子是国家支持的补充，而且往往是每周提供一次。我们的分析证实了这样一种观点，即在女性兼职工作很少的国家，祖父母高度密集的参与受到了母亲将工作和家庭结合起来的需要(没有得到福利的满足)的影响。
Across Europe grandparents play very different roles. This paper studies to what extent grandparents' role as providers of child care relates to the country policy context, focusing on public child-care services and parental leave regulation, and to the availability of part-time jobs for women. We also explore whether mothers' needs to combine family and work differently influence the frequency of grandparental child care across countries. The analysis combines micro-data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and macro-indicators from the Multilinks database and Eurostat. We find a clear association between policy context and frequency of grandparental child care. Three models emerge. In countries close to the familialism by default model (i.e. characterised by scarce public child-care services and parental leave), when grandparents provide child care they often do it daily. In countries characterised by defamilialisation and supported familialism policies (with generous public services and parental leave) grandparents take on a marginal role. An intermediate model emerges in countries characterised by a limited offer of child care or parental leave, where grandparental child care complements state support and tends to be offered on a weekly basis. Our analysis corroborates the idea that the highly intensive involvement of grandparents in countries with low availability of part-time jobs for women is influenced by the need (unmet by the welfare) of mothers to combine work and family.