High-energy cosmic ray nuclei from tidal disruption events: Origin, survival, and implications
High-energy cosmic ray nuclei from tidal disruption events: Origin, survival, and implications
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潮汐破坏事件产生的高能宇宙射线核：起源、生存和影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zhuo Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Zhang;K. Murase;F. Oikonomou;Zhuo Li
超大质量或中等质量黑洞的潮汐破裂事件（TDE）被认为是超高能宇宙线（UHECR）和高能中微子的候选来源。皮埃尔俄歇天文台最近的测量，这表明在1000万能量的宇宙射线组成的金属丰富的动机，我们调查的命运UHECR核加载在TDE喷流。首先，我们考虑的生产和生存的UHECR核在内部冲击，外部正向和反向冲击，和非相对论风。基于Swift J1644+57的观测结果，我们证明了UHECR可以经受外部反向和正向冲击以及盘风的影响。另一方面，UHECR核显着解体的内部冲击，虽然他们可以生存的低光度TDE喷流。假设UHECR核可以生存，我们认为不同的组合物模型的TDE的影响。我们发现，主序星或碳氧白色矮星的潮汐破坏不能成功地再现UHECR观测，即所观察到的成分或光谱。观测到的簇射最大值的平均深度及其偏差可以用氧-氖-镁白色矮星来解释，但它们可能太稀少，不可能是UHECR的来源。
Tidal disruption events (TDEs) by supermassive or intermediate mass black holes have been suggested as candidate sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and high-energy neutrinos. Motivated by the recent measurements from the Pierre Auger Observatory, which indicates a metal-rich cosmic-ray composition at ultrahigh energies, we investigate the fate of UHECR nuclei loaded in TDE jets. First, we consider the production and survival of UHECR nuclei at internal shocks, external forward and reverse shocks, and nonrelativistic winds. Based on the observations of Swift J1644+57, we show that the UHECRs can survive for external reverse and forward shocks, and disk winds. On the other hand, UHECR nuclei are significantly disintegrated in internal shocks, although they could survive for low-luminosity TDE jets. Assuming that UHECR nuclei can survive, we consider implications of different composition models of TDEs. We find that the tidal disruption of main sequence stars or carbon-oxygen white dwarfs does not successfully reproduce UHECR observations, namely the observed composition or spectrum. The observed mean depth of the shower maximum and its deviation could be explained by oxygen-neon-magnesium white dwarfs, but they may be too rare to be the sources of UHECRs.