Young adult follow-up of hyperactive children: antisocial activities and drug use
Young adult follow-up of hyperactive children: antisocial activities and drug use
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00214.x
复制
发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Fletcher, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barkley, RA;Fischer, M;Fletcher, K
背景：多动症/多动症儿童被认为是青少年和年轻人反社会活动和药物使用/滥用的更大风险，特别是那些患有共病行为问题/障碍的儿童。方法：我们报告了大样本多动儿童（H；N = 147）和社区控制儿童（CC；N = 73）在年轻成人随访（平均年龄 20-21 岁；13 年以上随访）中自我报告的终生反社会活动和非法药物使用情况。父母在研究开始时对儿童多动症和品行问题的报告、青春期时父母和自我报告的多动症和品行障碍、以及成年早期多动症的父母报告均被检查，以了解它们对成年后反社会行为和吸毒的影响。结果：与 CC 组相比，H 组中有更多人犯下了各种反社会行为并因此被捕（通过官方逮捕记录得到证实）。 H团伙还犯下盗窃财物、扰乱治安、拳头袭击、携带隐藏武器、非法持有毒品等行为，并逮捕了更多人。这些活动被简化为两个维度，即掠夺性公开行为和与毒品相关的反社会行为。 H 组与 CC 组的不同之处仅在于后者的维度。儿童、青少年和成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）预示着更高的毒品相关活动，儿童行为问题也是如此。患有品行障碍 (CD) 的 H 组比仅 H 组或 CC 组使用了更多的大多数物质，两者之间没有差异。青少年 ADHD 的严重程度，尤其是终生 CD 预测了硬性毒品的使用，而仅终生 CD 预测了大麻/LSD 的使用。青少年吸毒似乎加剧了与毒品相关的反社会活动，其影响超出了青少年 CD 的贡献。结论：多动症儿童在成年后从事反社会活动和被捕的风险更大，这似乎主要与非法持有、使用和销售毒品有关。然而，患有 CD 的人似乎会使用更多、更多样化的物质。
Background: Hyperactive/ADHD children are believed to be a greater risk for adolescent and young adult antisocial activity and drug use/abuse, particularly that subset having comorbid conduct problems/disorder. Method: We report on the lifetime antisocial activities and illegal drug use self-reported at young adult follow-up (mean age 20-21 years; 13+ year follow-up) for a large sample of hyperactive (H; N = 147) and community control (CC; N = 73) children. Parent reports of childhood hyperactivity and conduct problems at study entry, parent and self-reports of ADHD and conduct disorder at adolescence, and parent reports of ADHD at young adulthood are examined for their contribution to antisocial behavior and drug use at adulthood. Results: More of the H group committed a variety of antisocial acts and had been arrested for doing so (corroborated through official arrest records) than did the CC group. The H group also committed a higher frequency of property theft, disorderly conduct, assault with fists, carrying a concealed weapon, and illegal drug possession, as well as more arrests. These activities reduced to two dimensions corresponding to predatory-overt and drug-related antisocial conduct. The H group differed from the CC group only on the latter dimension. Childhood, adolescent, and adult ADHD predicted higher drug-related activities, as did childhood conduct problems. The H group with conduct disorder (CD) reported greater use of most substances than did the H only or CC groups, who did not differ from each other. Severity of teen ADHD and especially lifetime CD predicted use of hard drugs while just lifetime CD predicted marijuana/LSD use. Teen drug use seemed to potentiate increased drug-related antisocial activities beyond the contribution made by teen CD. Conclusions: Hyperactive children are at greater risk for antisocial activities and arrests by young adulthood that appear to be principally associated with illegal drug possession, use, and sale. Those having CD, however, appear to engage in greater and more diverse substance use.