Research Perspectives on English for Academic Purposes: Issues in EAP: A preliminary perspective
Research Perspectives on English for Academic Purposes: Issues in EAP: A preliminary perspective
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学术英语研究视角：EAP 问题：初步视角
DOI：
10.1017/cbo9781139524766.004
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Peacock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Flowerdew;M. Peacock
对学术英语（EAP）的需求——以帮助学习者以该语言学习、开展研究或教学为具体目标的英语教学——是一项规模巨大的国际活动。它在四个主要地理区域进行，每个区域都有特定的特征和目的。首先在主要英语国家（美国、英国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰）开展，大量母语非英语的海外学生前来学习。其次，它是在英国前殖民地（以及不太重要的美国）进行的，英语是那里的第二语言，并被用作大学水平的教学语言。第三，它是在与英语没有历史联系但需要获取该语言研究文献的国家（西欧、日本、中国、拉丁美洲、非洲法语国家等）进行的。最后，EAP 现在越来越多地在前苏联集团国家中提供，因为它们试图远离俄罗斯及其语言的影响，并将自己定位为日益全球化的经济和学术界的参与者。为了说明 EAP 的需求，如果我们以所提到的四个领域中的第一个——以英语为第一语言的国家——为例，1996-7 年，有 457,984 名外国学生在美国学习（Davis，1997 年），198,064 名外国学生在英国学习（高等教育统计局，1997 年）。虽然这些数字已经非常可观，但它们可能只占可能的目标 EAP 人群的一小部分。
The need for English English for Academic Purposes (EAP) – the teaching of English with the specific aim of helping learners to study, conduct research or teach in that language – is an international activity of tremendous scope. It is carried out in four main geographical domains, each of which exhibits particular characteristics and purposes. It is carried out, first, in the major English-speaking countries (the US, UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand), where large numbers of overseas students whose first language is not English come to study. It is conducted, second, in the former colonial territories of Britain (and less importantly the United States) where English is a second language and is used as the medium of instruction at university level. It is conducted, third, in countries which have no historic links with English, but which need to access the research literature in that language (the countries of Western Europe, Japan, China, Latin America, Francophone Africa and others).1 And finally, EAP is now increasingly being offered in the countries of the former Soviet-bloc, as they seek to distance themselves from the influence of Russia and its language and position themselves as participants in the increasingly global economy and academic community. To give some indication of the demand for EAP, if we take the first of the four areas mentioned – the countries where English is a first language – in 1996–7, 457,984 foreign students were studying in the US (Davis, 1997) and 198,064 in the UK (Higher Education Statistics Agency, 1997). While these numbers are already very considerable, they are likely to comprise only a minority of the likely target EAP population.