Two-dimensional Bose fluids: An atomic physics perspective(*)
Two-dimensional Bose fluids: An atomic physics perspective(*)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1393/ncr/i2011-10066-3
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Dalibard, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hadzibabic, Z.;Dalibard, J.
我们在本次讲座中介绍了二维 (2d) 玻色气体的物理学。我们首先讨论非零温度 T 下均匀、无限的二维玻色流体的性质。我们解释了为什么热涨落足以破坏与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚相关的完全有序状态，但又不足以抑制低 T 下相互作用系统中的超流性。我们介绍了 Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless 理论的基础知识，该理论为理解 2d 提供了通用框架 超流动性。然后，我们转向实验相关的有限尺寸系统，其中低温下残余“准长程”有序的存在导致超流性和凝聚之间有趣的相互作用。最后，我们总结了限制在准二维几何结构中的超冷原子气体的理论理解和实验研究的最新进展。
We give in this lecture an introduction to the physics of two-dimensional (2d) Bose gases. We first discuss the properties of uniform, infinite 2d Bose fluids at non-zero temperature T. We explain why thermal fluctuations are strong enough to destroy the fully ordered state associated with Bose-Einstein condensation, but are not strong enough to suppress superfluidity in an interacting system at low T. We present the basics of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless theory, which provides the general framework for understanding 2d superfluidity. We then turn to experimentally relevant finite-size systems, in which the presence of residual "quasi-long-range" order at low temperatures leads to an interesting interplay between superfluidity and condensation. Finally we summarize the recent progress in theoretical understanding and experimental investigation of ultracold atomic gases confined to a quasi-2d geometry.