Methadone maintenance therapy in Vietnam: an overview and scaling-up plan.
Methadone maintenance therapy in Vietnam: an overview and scaling-up plan.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/732484
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mulvey KP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen TT;Nguyen LT;Pham MD;Vu HH;Mulvey KP
越南是艾滋病毒通过注射吸毒者传播率最高的国家之一。注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒流行率为20%，在许多省份高达50%。据估计，到2011年底，该国吸毒者人数为17.1万人，其中最常见的是海洛因（85%）。在2008年美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）试点之前，家庭、社区和康复中心的戒毒一直是控制海洛因成瘾的主要方式。最近的报告显示了积极的治疗结果。在接受MMT治疗的患者中发现HIV的发病率非常低。治疗大大提高了生活质量，并为社会带来了稳定。政府已授权卫生部在2015年前将美沙酮治疗扩大到至少30个省份，为8万多名吸毒者提供治疗。越南艾滋病毒/艾滋病控制管理局（VAAC）和卫生部概述了中央和地方各级关键部门在实施和维持MMT治疗方面的作用和责任。本文将介绍MMT试点项目和扩大计划的成就，以及确保质量和可持续性以及克服未来几年挑战的战略。
Vietnam is among the countries with the highest rate of HIV transmission through injecting drug users. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users is 20% and up to 50% in many provinces. An estimated number of drug users in the country by the end of 2011 were 171,000 in which the most common is heroin (85%). Detoxification at home, community, and in rehabilitation centers have been the main modalities for managing heroin addiction until Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) was piloted in 2008. Recent reports have demonstrated positive treatment outcomes. Incidence of HIV was found remarkably low among patients on MMT. Treatment has significantly improved the quality of life as well as stability for society. The government has granted the Ministry of Health (MoH) to expand Methadone treatment to at least 30 provinces to provide treatment for more than 80,000 drug users by 2015. The Vietnam Administration for HIV/AIDS Control (VAAC) and MOH have outlined the role and responsibility of key departments at the central and local levels in implementing and maintaining MMT treatment. This paper will describe the achievements of the MMT pilot program and the scaling-up plan as well as strategies to ensure quality and sustainability and to overcome the challenges in the coming years.