Successful stocking of a depleted species, spotted halibut Verasper variegatus, in Miyako Bay, Japan: evaluation from post-release surveys and landings
Successful stocking of a depleted species, spotted halibut Verasper variegatus, in Miyako Bay, Japan: evaluation from post-release surveys and landings
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DOI：
10.3354/meps08553
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
T. Wada;Tetsuo Yamada;D. Shimizu;M. Aritaki;H. Sudo;Y. Yamashita;Masaru Tanaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Wada;Tetsuo Yamada;D. Shimizu;M. Aritaki;H. Sudo;Y. Yamashita;Masaru Tanaka
在日本宫古湾对一种高度耗尽的比目鱼--斑点比目鱼--的放生后适应和放养效果进行了评估。2004年7月初和2005年7月初，分别有22000尾和5000尾人工孵化的幼鱼(平均全长分别为81.2 mm和89.8 mm)在内湾浅水区放生。放生后2个月期间进行的2米横梁拖网调查、使用潜在捕食者(1岁的日本比目鱼)进行的实验室捕食实验以及市场普查持续到2008年12月的结果表明，放生的幼鱼可以迅速适应有合适的物理条件(温度、盐度和沉积物)和丰富的猎物有机体的微咸水生境。幼鱼选择性捕食底栖生物，放生后1wk有饱腹感。一些放生的鱼在1岁以上时长到40厘米，完全以较大的甲壳类动物(如等足目、加勒比纲和短肢类)为食。市场普查显示，放流的鱼占渔获量的99%，2004年放流的鱼(7.6%)和2005年放流的鱼(15.7%)的再捕获率高于2000年至2003年放流的鱼(0.7%至5.0%)，可能是由于制定和应用了改进的放流策略(即2004年和2005年放流的生境、大小和季节是合适的)。我们的研究表明：(1)通过孵化释放可以有效地恢复当地耗尽的种群；(2)基于对释放的幼鱼与目标生态系统之间的生态相互作用的分析，制定释放策略可以在很大程度上促进枯竭物种的成功重新放养。
Post-release adaptation and stocking effectiveness of a highly depleted pleuronectid flatfish, spotted halibut Verasper variegatus, were assessed in Miyako Bay, Japan. In early July 2004 and 2005, 22 000 and 5000 hatchery-reared juveniles (mean 81.2 and 89.8 mm total length, respec- tively) were released in shallow waters in the inner bay area. Results from surveys with a 2 m beam- trawl conducted over a 2 mo post-release period, laboratory predation experiments using potential predators (age-1 Japanese flounder), and a market census continued until December 2008, suggested that released juveniles, which had a size refuge from predators, could quickly adapt to brackish water habitats where there were suitable physical conditions (temperature, salinity and sediments) and abundant prey organisms. Juveniles selectively preyed on epibenthic gammarids and cumaceans, and had full stomachs 1 wk after release. Some released fish grew to >40 cm by age-1+, feeding exclusively on larger crustaceans (e.g. isopods, carideans and brachyurans). Market census revealed that released fish showed >99% contribution to catches, and recapture rates for fish released in 2004 (7.6%) and 2005 (15.7%) were higher than for releases in 2000 to 2003 (0.7 to 5.0%), possibly due to the development and application of improved release strategies (i.e. release habitat, size and season was appropriate in 2004 and 2005). Our study demonstrates that (1) local depleted stocks can be effectively restored by hatchery releases and that (2) development of release strategies based on the analysis of ecological interactions between released juveniles and the target ecosystem can largely contribute to the successful restocking of depleted species.