Intensification of the global water cycle and evidence from ocean salinity: a synthesis review
Intensification of the global water cycle and evidence from ocean salinity: a synthesis review
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.14354
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lisan Yu;S. Josey;F. Bingham;Tong Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lisan Yu;S. Josey;F. Bingham;Tong Lee
海洋在全球水循环中起着主导作用。它是全球蒸发和降水的作用中心，并提供作为大陆降水的福尔斯的水分。它在某种程度上也是大自然的雨量计，因为它通过监测海洋表面盐度的变化来告诉我们全球水循环的长期变化。随着气候变暖，由于水蒸气压力（持水量）对温度的强烈非线性依赖性，预计全球水循环将加剧。这种变化令人极为关切，因为它对整个地球仪产生深远的社会经济影响。尽管有证据表明全球水循环加剧，但仍然存在两个重要问题：变暖引起的水循环加剧的模式是什么？什么是强化率？本文综述了近几十年来全球水循环和海洋盐度变化的诊断和认识方面的最新进展。有针对性的数值海洋模型实验也进行了审查，以提供洞察盐度的蒸发-降水通量，融水径流和海洋变暖的变化的响应。
The ocean plays a dominant role in the global water cycle. It is the center of action for global evaporation and precipitation and supplies the moisture that falls as continental precipitation. It also acts to some extent as nature's rain gauge, as it tells us about the long‐term changes in the global water cycle through monitoring of the changes in ocean surface salinity. As climate warms, the global water cycle is expected to intensify as a result of the strong nonlinear dependence of water vapor pressure (moisture‐holding capacity) on temperature. Such change is of great concern, as it has profound socioeconomic impacts throughout the globe. Despite the evidence of an intensified global water cycle, two important questions remain: What is the pattern of the warming‐induced intensification of the water cycle? and What is the rate of intensification? Our article provides a synthesis review of recent progress in diagnosing and understanding the changes in both the global water cycle and ocean salinity in recent decades. Targeted numerical ocean model experiments are also reviewed to provide insights into the response of salinity to the changes in evaporation‐minus‐precipitation flux, meltwater runoff, and ocean warming.