Activity of convalescent and vaccine serum against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
Activity of convalescent and vaccine serum against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-04399-5
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发表时间：
2021-12-31
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Krammer, Florian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carreno, Juan Manuel;Alshammary, Hala;Krammer, Florian
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV - 2）的奥密克戎（B.1.1.529）变异株于2021年11月在南非和博茨瓦纳以及中国香港一名来自南非的旅行者的样本中首次被发现（1,2）。从那时起，奥密克戎在全球范围内被检测到。该变异株似乎至少与德尔塔（B.1.617.2）一样具有传染性，已经引发了超级传播事件（3），并且在几个国家和大都市地区在数周内就超过了德尔塔。奥密克戎的刺突基因发生了前所未有的大量突变，早期报告提供了广泛免疫逃逸和疫苗效力降低的证据（2,4 - 6）。在此，我们研究了康复者、接种两剂mRNA疫苗者、接种mRNA加强针者、康复且接种两剂疫苗者以及康复且接种加强针者的血清对野生型、贝塔（B.1.351）和奥密克戎SARS-CoV - 2分离株及刺突蛋白的病毒中和及刺突蛋白结合活性。与野生型病毒相比，康复者和接种两剂疫苗者的血清对奥密克戎的中和活性无法检测到或非常低，而通过感染和接种接触刺突蛋白三次或四次的个体的血清中和活性得以维持，尽管水平显著降低。在未接种疫苗的康复者中，与野生型相比，对奥密克戎刺突蛋白受体结合域和N端结构域的结合减少，但在接种疫苗的个体中大多得以保留。
The Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was initially identified in November 2021 in South Africa and Botswana, as well as in a sample from a traveller from South Africa in Hong Kong(1,2). Since then, Omicron has been detected globally. This variant appears to be at least as infectious as Delta (B.1.617.2), has already caused superspreader events(3), and has outcompeted Delta within weeks in several countries and metropolitan areas. Omicron hosts an unprecedented number of mutations in its spike gene and early reports have provided evidence for extensive immune escape and reduced vaccine effectiveness(2,4-6). Here we investigated the virus-neutralizing and spike protein-binding activity of sera from convalescent, double mRNA-vaccinated, mRNA-boosted, convalescent double-vaccinated and convalescent boosted individuals against wild-type, Beta (B.1.351) and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 isolates and spike proteins. Neutralizing activity of sera from convalescent and double-vaccinated participants was undetectable or very low against Omicron compared with the wild-type virus, whereas neutralizing activity of sera from individuals who had been exposed to spike three or four times through infection and vaccination was maintained, although at significantly reduced levels. Binding to the receptor-binding and N-terminal domains of the Omicron spike protein was reduced compared with binding to the wild type in convalescent unvaccinated individuals, but was mostly retained in vaccinated individuals.