Effect of temperature on the transmission of western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis viruses by Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae).
Effect of temperature on the transmission of western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis viruses by Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae).
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温度对跗库蚊（双翅目：库蚊科）传播西方马脑脊髓炎和圣路易斯脑炎病毒的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/jmedent/30.1.151
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Hardy,JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reisen,WK;Meyer,RP;Presser,SB;Hardy,JL
在10 ~ 30°C的温度范围内，跗库蚊实验室品系对西部马脑脊髓炎（WEE）和圣路易斯脑炎（SLE）病毒的外源性孵育率（从感染到中位传播的天数的倒数）随孵育温度的线性增加而增加。零透射阈值（X轴截距）的估计温度分别为10.9和14.9°C，中值透射（斜率的倒数）所需的高于这些阈值的度日数分别为67.6和115.2。虽然大多数Cx的尸体。在20 ~ 30°C温度下孵育的雌虫传播率在感染后7-10 d达到高峰后显著下降。相反，中肠逃逸和唾液腺感染屏障限制了SLE病毒在所有温度下的传播率，但这些速率并没有显着降低作为孵育时间的函数，表明病毒调制没有发生。度-天模型被用来计算每月的变化，在外来的潜伏期为WEE和SLE病毒在圣华金和Coachella山谷的蚊子温度估计结合夜间空气和白天休息的网站温度的基础上。圣华金河谷的平均气温比科切拉河谷低5°C，相应地将WEE病毒的潜在传播季节从10个月缩短到8个月，将SLE病毒的潜在传播季节从8个月缩短到5个月。
The extrinsic incubation rate (inverse of the time in days from infection to median transmission) of western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) and St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) viruses by laboratory strains ofCulex tarsalisCoquillett increased as a linear function of incubation temperatures from 10 to 30°C. The estimated temperatures for zero transmission thresholds (intercept of the X axis) were 10.9 and 14.9°C, and the number of degree days above these thresholds required for median transmission (inverse of the slope) was 67.6 and 115.2, respectively. Although the bodies of mostCx. tarsalisfemales remained infected and the WEE viral titer did not decrease significantly throughout the incubation periods at all temperatures, transmission rates by females incubated at 20 to 30°C decreased markedly after peaking at 7–10 d after infection. In contrast, midgut escape and salivary gland infection barriers limited the transmission rates of SLE virus at all temperatures, but these rates did not decrease markedly as a function of incubation time, indicating that virus modulation did not occur. Degree-day models were used to calculate monthly changes in the duration of the extrinsic incubation period for WEE and SLE viruses in the San Joaquin and Coachella valleys based on mosquito temperatures estimated by combining nocturnal air and diurnal resting site temperatures. Temperatures in the San Joaquin Valley averaged 5°C cooler than in the Coachella Valley, proportionately shortening the duration of the potential transmission season for WEE virus from 10 to 8 mo and for SLE virus from 8 to 5 mo, respectively.