Relationships between the residential environment, travel attitude and behaviour among knowledge workers: The role of job types
Relationships between the residential environment, travel attitude and behaviour among knowledge workers: The role of job types
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103524
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Juanjuan Zhao;Huan Ren;Yan Gu;Haojie Pan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Juanjuan Zhao;Huan Ren;Yan Gu;Haojie Pan
鉴于日益增长的对汽车的依赖构成了碳排放中不可忽视的一部分，揭示出行选择机制对于设计有效的可持续城市政策至关重要。研究居住建筑环境和出行态度对出行行为的影响具有重要意义。然而，现有的研究尚未就建筑环境、出行态度和出行行为之间的复杂关系达成共识。因此，进一步整合个人生命历程的其他领域（如工作/就业）以全面了解个人旅行行为至关重要。通过在工作领域中整合知识类型学（分析型、综合型和符号型知识）的新视角，本文进一步将知识工作者分为三组——科学工作者、工程工作者和创造性工作者。基于慕尼黑738名知识型员工和3924名其他类型员工的网络调查数据，采用递归和非递归结构方程模型分别估算了他们的出行选择机制。结果表明，创造性工作者更倾向于“居住自我选择”，而工程工作者更倾向于“环境决定论”。科学工作者的旅行选择机制不遵循这两个框架，他们的居住环境和旅行态度之间没有显著的联系。而其他劳动者则同时存在“环境决定论”和“居住自我选择”。考虑到科学家、工程师和创意人员可能与异质性出行选择理由相关联，未来知识经济时代的流动性研究应进一步整合工作领域。因此，“量身定制”的空间和交通规划应融入当地的产业结构和就业多样性。
Given the ever-increasing auto dependence constituting a non-negligible portion of carbon emissions, unraveling the travel choice mechanism is crucial to designing effective sustainable urban policies. It is of great significance to investigate the impact of the residential built environment and travel attitude on travel behaviour. However, existing studies have not yet reached a consensus on the complex relationships between the built environment, travel attitude and travel behaviour. Thus, it is vital to further integrate other domains (e.g. job/employment) of an individual's life course to comprehensively understand individual travel behaviour.By integrating a novel perspective of knowledge typology (analytical, synthetic, and symbolic types of knowledge) in the job domain, this article further categorizes knowledge workers into three groups——scientific, engineering and creative workers. Based on the web survey data retrieved from 738 knowledge workers and 3924 other workers in Munich, both recursive and non-recursive structural equation models are applied to respectively estimate their travel choice mechanisms. Results show that “residential self-selection” applies more to creative workers, whereas “environmental determinism” applies more to engineering workers. The travel choice mechanism of scientific workers follows neither framework, with respect to no significant link between their residential environments and travel attitudes. In contrast, there coexist “environmental determinism” and “residential self-selection” among other workers.Regarding that the scientists, engineers and creatives potentially associate with heterogeneous travel choice rationales, future mobility studies in the era of knowledge economy should further integrate the job domain. Accordingly, “tailored-made” spatial and transport planning should be embedded in the local industrial structure and the variety of employment.