Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents
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DOI：
10.1542/pir.34-12-541
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Feldt, M. Max
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dileepan, Kavitha;Feldt, M. Max
儿童肥胖的日益流行导致2型糖尿病（DM）的发病率和患病率显著增加，并使2型糖尿病和1型糖尿病的区分进一步复杂化，因为更多的1型糖尿病儿童在诊断时超重。此外，大量研究已经证实了2型糖尿病儿童的β细胞自身免疫。(1)目的在完成本文后，读者应该能够：通过认识潜在的病理生理特征、临床特征和实验室标志物来区分和了解2型糖尿病（DM）和1型糖尿病的治疗。2 .认识到由于儿童肥胖的日益流行，区分2型和1型糖尿病很困难。3 .了解儿童和青少年中2型糖尿病患病率的增加，特别是在某些种族/民族群体中。认识2型糖尿病的危险因素，适当的筛查和诊断，了解儿科人群中2型糖尿病的适当治疗。认识与儿童和青少年2型糖尿病相关的合并症和并发症，并了解这些在诊断时可能存在。
Educational GapsThe growing pandemic of childhood obesity has led to marked increases in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and has further complicated the differentiation between type 2 and type 1 DM because more children with type 1 DM are overweight at time of diagnosis. In addition, numerous studies have demonstrated beta-cell autoimmunity in children with type 2 DM. (1)Objectives After completing this article, readers should be able to:1. Differentiate between and understand the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and type 1 DM by recognizing underlying pathophysiologic characteristics, clinical features, and laboratory markers.2. Recognize the difficulty in distinguishing between type 2 and type 1 DM because of the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity.3. Understand the increased prevalence of type 2 DM in children and adolescents, especially among certain racial/ethnic groups.4. Recognize risk factors, appropriate screening, and diagnosis of type 2 DM, and understand the appropriate treatment for type 2 DM in the pediatric population.5. Recognize the comorbidities and complications associated with type 2 DM in children and adolescents and understand that these may be present at the time of diagnosis.