Some remarks on the mechanism of reactions of the type: solid=solid + gas
Some remarks on the mechanism of reactions of the type: solid=solid + gas
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关于固体=固体气体类型反应机理的一些评论
DOI：
10.1039/tf9383400951
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发表时间：
1938
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Bretsznajder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Zawadzki;S. Bretsznajder
化学方程式只提供关于反应的起始阶段和最后阶段的信息，而不提供关于中间阶段的信息。然而，反应通常是由一系列连续的基本过程组成的，只有通过研究这些基本过程（即阐明反应机理），我们才能对动力学问题有更深刻的认识。CaCO 2 + CaO+ CO2类型的反应可以作为这种复杂反应的实例。在碳酸盐形成过程中，CO必须以某种方式与CaO的表层联合收割机结合，这导致CaO晶格向CaCO晶格转变;在CaCO 2的分解中必然发生相反的变化。由于晶体的理想结构和真实的结构之间的差异，即，因为位于晶体表面或晶体内部的离子或其它晶格元素相对于相邻元素的位置不同，并且作用在表面不同部分的力不相等。众所周知，晶体的蒸汽压、离解压和溶解度一般都是颗粒大小的函数，因为颗粒越小，与晶体本体中不同位置的离子数量相对越多。决定性因素是晶体结构及其表面的不规则程度：在具有马赛克结构的真实的晶体和晶体团聚体的情况下，粒度的概念变得非常模糊。为了阐明所讨论的这类过程的机理的现象特征，已经进行了一些实验。
Chemical equations provide information only as to the initial and final, but not as to the intermediate, stages of reactions. Reactions, however, most often consist of a series of consecutive elementary processes, only from a study of which (ie, by elucidating the mechanism of the reaction), we can expect to achieve a more profound knowledge of the problems of kinetics. Reactions of the type CaCO,+ CaO+ COz may be taken as examples of such complex reactions. During the formation of carbonate, CO, must in some way combine with the surface layer of CaO, which leads to transformation of the CaO lattice to that of CaCO,; the reverse changes must take place in the decomposition of CaCO,.Certain complications arise during the progress of the reaction, due to the differences between the ideal and the real structure of crystals, ie, because ions or other lattice elements situated at the surface of, or within crystals are not identically situated with relation to the neighbouring elements, and the forces acting at different parts of the surface are unequal. It is known that vapour pressure in general, dissociation pressure, and solubility of crystah are functions of particle size, since the smaller the particles the greater, relatively, is the number of ions which are situated differently from those in the bulk of the crystal. The decisive factor is the degree of irregularity of the structure of the crystals and of their surface: the conception of particle size becomes very vague in the cases of real crystals with a mosaic structure, and in crystal agglomerates. Experiments have been performed with the object of elucidating the phenomena characteristic of the mechanism of processes of the type under discussion.