Technical and environmental assessment of end-of-life scenarios for plastic packaging with electronic tags

Technical and environmental assessment of end-of-life scenarios for plastic packaging with electronic tags
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带电子标签的塑料包装报废场景的技术和环境评估

DOI:
10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107341
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发表时间:
2024
期刊:
Resources, Conservation and Recycling
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ahamed A
Ahamed A
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ahamed A

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塑料的报废管理具有挑战性,特别是当低效的分拣可能限制回收流的质量时。射频识别设备(RFID)标签可以通过协助收集后分拣和寿命终止管理来增加包装的价值。我们首次对采用RFID的塑料包装进行了技术和环境(LCA)评估,以应对不同的报废场景,包括机械回收(挤出)、化学回收(解聚)和废物能源化。尽管标签颗粒可以转移到回收物中,但回收过程和塑料质量不受RFID的影响。生命周期评价结果表明,在除平流层臭氧消耗潜力外的所有影响类别中,通过废物处理能源(场景1)或RFID化学回收(场景3)对塑料进行机械回收优于塑料和RFID的化学回收(场景2)的上级。例如,情景2的全球升温潜能值(223.63 gCO2e)被确定为情景1和情景3(分别为111.04和111.78 gCO2e)的两倍多。然而,根据敏感性分析,随着催化剂开发和能源组合的进一步发展,化学品回收可能是一种潜在的解决方案,因为它确保了最高的回收质量,并有助于最长时间地保留材料价值。RFID标签在消费品中的应用日益广泛,这使得对其在寿命终止管理方面的影响进行技术和环境调查变得至关重要。
The end-of-life management of plastics is challenging, especially when inefficient sorting can limit the quality of recycling streams. Radio frequency identification device (RFID) tags can add value to packaging by assisting with post-collection sorting and end-of-life management. We conducted, for the first time, a technical and environmental (LCA) evaluation of plastic packaging with RFID for different end-of-life scenarios, including mechanical recycling (extrusion), chemical recycling (depolymerisation), and energy-from-waste. The recycling process and plastic quality were unaffected by the RFID, although tag particulates can be transferred to the recyclate. LCA results indicated that mechanical recycling of the plastic with either energy-from-waste treatment (Scenario 1) or chemical recycling (Scenario 3) of the RFID is superior to chemical recycling of the plastic and RFID (Scenario 2) among all the impact categories except stratospheric ozone depletion potential. For example, the global warming potential of Scenario 2 (223.63 gCO2e) was determined to be more than twice than that of the Scenarios 1 and 3 (111.04 and 111.78 gCO2e, respectively). However, as per sensitivity analysis, with further advancements particularly in catalyst development and energy mix, chemical recycling can be a potential solution as it ensures the highest recyclate quality and facilitates the longest retention of the material value. The growing application of RFID tags in consumer goods makes the technical and environmental investigation of its effects on the end-of-life management paramount.
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