Thoughts and emotions during traumatic birth: A qualitative study
Thoughts and emotions during traumatic birth: A qualitative study
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-536x.2007.00178.x
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ayers, Susan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayers, Susan
背景：先前的研究表明，1 - 6%的女性在分娩后会出现创伤后应激障碍的症状。本研究的目的是检查出生时的思想和情绪，出生后的认知过程，以及出生的记忆，这可能是重要的产后创伤后应激症状的发展。研究方法：在一项定性研究中，有创伤后应激症状的妇女（n = 25）和没有创伤后应激症状的妇女（n = 25）被匹配的产科事件，以检查非医疗方面的出生，使其创伤。妇女在出生后3个月接受采访。结果如下：所有女性都出现了以下主题：出生时的想法包括心理应对策略，希望分娩结束，对正在发生的事情缺乏理解，以及精神上的失败。出生时的负面情绪多于正面情绪，主要是感到害怕、害怕和不安。出生后的认知过程包括对出生的回顾性评估，如采取宿命论的观点和关注现在，例如，专注于婴儿。出生的记忆包括不记得出生的部分和忘记它是多么糟糕。有创伤后应激症状的女性在出生时报告了更多的恐慌，愤怒的死亡想法，精神上的失败和分离;出生后，他们报告了更少的策略，专注于现在，更多的痛苦记忆，侵入性记忆和沉思，比没有症状的女性。结论：这些结果为确定出生和产后处理的各个方面提供了有用的第一步，这些方面可能决定女性是否会出现产后创伤后应激症状。在得出明确的结论之前，还需要进一步的研究来拓宽对创伤后应激障碍的认识。
Background: Previous research shows that I to 6 percent of women will develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder after childbirth. The objective of this study was to examine thoughts and emotions during birth, cognitive processing after birth, and memories of birth that might be important in the development of postnatal posttraumatic stress symptoms. Methods: In a qualitative study, women with posttraumatic stress symptoms (n = 25) and without (n = 25) were matched for obstetric events to examine the nonmedical aspects of birth that made it traumatic. Women were interviewed 3 months after birth. Results: The following themes emerged for all women: thoughts during birth included mental coping strategies, wanting labor to end, poor understanding of what was going on, and mental defeat. More negative than positive emotions were described during birth, primarily feeling scared, frightened, and upset. Postnatal cognitive processing included retrospective appraisal of birth, such as taking a fatalistic view and focusing on the present, for example, concentrating on the baby. Memories of birth included not remembering parts of the birth and forgetting how bad it was. Women with posttraumatic stress symptoms reported more panic, anger thoughts of death, mental defeat, and dissociation during birth; after birth, they reported fewer strategies that focused on the present, more painful memories, intrusive memories, and rumination, than women without symptoms. Conclusions: The results provide a useful first step toward identifying aspects of birth and postnatal processing that might determine whether women develop postnatal posttraumatic stress symptoms. Further research is needed to broaden knowledge of posttraumatic stress disorder before drawing definite conclusions.