Leachability and Cytotoxicity of an Experimental Polymeric ACP Composite.
Leachability and Cytotoxicity of an Experimental Polymeric ACP Composite.
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
J. Antonucci;C. H. Davis;J. Sun;J. O’Donnell;D. Škrtić
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作者：
J. Antonucci;C. H. Davis;J. Sun;J. O’Donnell;D. Škrtić
以无定形磷酸钙(ACP)为基础的牙科复合材料代表了新一代生物活性的再矿化牙科材料，在预防牙科、正畸和牙髓治疗中具有特别重要的作用[1]。当ACP嵌入到聚甲基丙烯酸酯基质中并暴露在水环境中时，它可以自发转化为热力学稳定的磷灰石，并释放足够水平的再矿化钙和PO4离子，以再生矿物质缺乏的牙齿结构[2，3]。我们小组对这些实验材料进行了广泛的物理化学研究，强调了审查结构/性能关系的重要性，以评价生物活性ACP填料、这些材料的聚合物相和模拟口腔环境之间的相互作用[4-6]。为此，对控制ACP复合材料生物相容性的因素的关注要少得多。我们可以方便地使用聚合后得到的复合材料的乙烯基转化率(DVC)来间接评估未反应的残留单体从用作窝沟封闭剂和/或正畸粘合剂的ACP复合材料中渗出的总体潜力[7]。在这项研究中，我们识别和量化可溶出物，并评估细胞对实验性ACP复合材料的反应，该复合材料旨在作为再矿化根管封闭剂应用。我们的目标是：1)评估1H核磁共振波谱作为常用色谱技术的可行替代品在定量浸出性研究中的适用性；2)确定复方提取物(S)对小鼠前成骨细胞(MC3T3-E1细胞)形态和活性的影响(S)。基本的工作假设是，由于实验中的ACP复合材料获得了高的DVC，它的浸出性，进而它的细胞毒性不会超过选择作为对照的商用根管封闭剂的细胞毒性。
Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-based dental composites represent a new generation of bioactive, remineralizing dental materials of particular importance in preventive dentistry, orthodontics and endodontics [1]. When embedded in polymerized methacrylate matrices and exposed to aqueous environments, ACP can convert spontaneously into thermodynamically stable apatite and release sufficient levels of remineralizing Ca and PO4 ions to regenerate mineral-deficient tooth structures [2, 3]. The extensive physicochemical studies of these experimental materials performed in our group have emphasized the importance of reviewing the structure/property relationships for an appreciation of the interactions between the bioactive ACP filler, the polymeric phase of these materials and simulated oral environment [4–6]. Towards this end, much lesser attention has been given to the factors that control the biocompatibility of ACP composites. We have conveniently used the degree of vinyl conversion (DVC) of the composite attained upon polymerization to indirectly assess the overall potential of unreacted residual monomers to leach from ACP composites formulated as pit and fissure sealants and/or orthodontic adhesives [7]. In this study, we identify and quantify leachables and assess cellular responses to an experimental ACP composite intended for application as a remineralizing endodontic sealer. Our goals were: 1) to assess the suitability of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy as viable alternative to commonly used chromatographic techniques for quantitative leachability studies, and 2) to determine the effect(s) of composite extracts on the morphology and viability of murine preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cells). The underlying working hypothesis was that, due to the high DVCs attained in the experimental ACP composite, its leachability, and in turn, its cytotoxicity will not exceed the cytotoxicity of the commercial endodontic sealer selected as a control.