Repeatability and reproducibility of landmarks-a three-dimensional computed tomography study
Repeatability and reproducibility of landmarks-a three-dimensional computed tomography study
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DOI：
10.1093/ejo/cjq190
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hirschfelder, Ursula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Titiz, Irem;Laubinger, Michala;Hirschfelder, Ursula
本研究的目的是调查的重复性和再现性的安置人类学头影测量标志的三维计算机断层扫描（3D CT）来自体积数据集的颅骨重建。此外，观察者的经验对标志设置的可重复性的影响也explored.20例患者没有任何颅面畸形（11名女性和9名男性;年龄范围6.1-16岁），从CT体积数据集已经从牙科诊所3，埃尔兰根大学医院正畸695例患者中选择回顾性。使用SOMATOM Sensation（R）64（Siemens AG Medical Solutions，埃尔兰根，德国）进行CT检查。程序VoXim（R）6.1（IVS Solutions AG，切姆尼茨，德国）用于体积数据集的3D重建。在程序VoXim（R）6.1的骨架模块中共检查了28个标志。随机排序的数据集进行了分析，由两名心理学家和两名研究生。每个数据集由每个观察员以3周的间隔分析两次。使用随机效应的方差分析计算个体标志描述的标准差（SD）的观察者内和观察者间分量，分别作为重复性和再现性的指标。根据标志和平面，获得的中位序列内SD和序列间SD分别为0.46 mm（范围：0.14-2.00 mm）和0.20 mm（范围：0.02-2.47 mm）。本研究包括系统分析的极端值（离群值）的测量质量的评估获得。描述性统计揭示了定性差异的描述不同的地标。鼻根和牙下标志在所有三个空间坐标中均显示出较小的SD，其中横向平面中牙下标志的SD最小（SD = 0.18 mm）。然而，观察者的经验水平对标志定位的可重复性的影响方面，没有发现系统性趋势。因此，对于大多数解剖位置，使用3D CT放置标志的重复性和再现性是可接受的。
The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of the placement of anthropological cephalometric landmarks on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) cranial reconstructions derived from volume data sets. In addition, the influence of the observer's experience on the repeatability of landmark setting was also explored.Twenty patients without any craniofacial deformity (11 females and 9 males; age range 6.1-16 years) were selected retrospectively from CT volume data sets already available from 695 patients of Dental Clinic 3, Orthodontics of Erlangen University Hospital. The CT examination was performed with the SOMATOM Sensation (R) 64 (Siemens AG Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany). The program VoXim (R) 6.1 (IVS Solutions AG, Chemnitz, Germany) was used for 3D reconstruction of the volume data sets. A total of 28 landmarks were examined in the skeleton module of the program VoXim (R) 6.1. The randomly sorted data sets were analysed by two orthodontists and two postgraduate students. Each data set was analysed twice by each observer at an interval of 3 weeks. The analysis of variance regarding random effects was used to calculate the intraobserver and interobserver components of standard deviation (SD) of depiction of individual landmarks as measures of repeatability and reproducibility, respectively. Median intraserial SD and interserial SD of 0.46 mm (range: 0.14-2.00 mm) and 0.20 mm (range: 0.02-2.47 mm), respectively, were obtained depending on the landmark and plane. This study included systematic analysis of extreme values (outliers) in the assessment of the quality of measurements obtained.Descriptive statistics revealed qualitative differences in the depiction of different landmarks. The landmarks nasion and infradentale revealed a minor SD in all three spatial coordinates with the smallest SD for infradentale (SD = 0.18 mm) in the transverse plane. However, no systematic trend was identified with regard to the influence of the observer's level of experience affecting the repeatability of landmark positioning. Thus, the repeatability and reproducibility of placements of landmarks with 3D CT were found to be acceptable for a majority of anatomical positions.