Processing of Rhythm in Speech and Music in Adult Dyslexia
Processing of Rhythm in Speech and Music in Adult Dyslexia
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci10050261
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hoehle, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boll-Avetisyan, Natalie;Bhatara, Anjali;Hoehle, Barbara
最近的研究表明，音乐节奏感知能力可以影响语音系统。发展性阅读障碍最普遍的因果解释是语音缺陷假说。由于节奏是音韵学的一部分，我们假设阅读障碍的阅读缺陷与语言和音乐的节奏处理有关。在一项节奏分组任务中，被诊断为阅读障碍的成年人和年龄匹配的对照组听着音节强度、持续时间交替或两者都不交替的语音流，并表明他们是否感知到强弱或强弱的节奏模式。此外，还测量了他们的阅读和音乐节奏能力。结果表明，有阅读障碍的成年人的音乐节奏能力低于没有阅读障碍的成年人。此外，较低的音乐节奏能力与较低的阅读能力有关。然而，当音乐节奏感知能力受到控制时，患有阅读障碍的成年人的语言分组并没有受到损害：与没有阅读障碍的成年人一样，他们表现出一致的偏好。然而，节奏分组是由音乐节奏感知能力预测的，与阅读障碍无关。结果表明音乐节奏感知能力、言语节奏感知能力和阅读能力之间存在关联。这突出了考虑个体差异以更好地理解阅读障碍的重要性，并提出了音乐节奏感知能力是语音和阅读习得的关键的可能性。
Recent studies have suggested that musical rhythm perception ability can affect the phonological system. The most prevalent causal account for developmental dyslexia is the phonological deficit hypothesis. As rhythm is a subpart of phonology, we hypothesized that reading deficits in dyslexia are associated with rhythm processing in speech and in music. In a rhythmic grouping task, adults with diagnosed dyslexia and age-matched controls listened to speech streams with syllables alternating in intensity, duration, or neither, and indicated whether they perceived a strong-weak or weak-strong rhythm pattern. Additionally, their reading and musical rhythm abilities were measured. Results showed that adults with dyslexia had lower musical rhythm abilities than adults without dyslexia. Moreover, lower musical rhythm ability was associated with lower reading ability in dyslexia. However, speech grouping by adults with dyslexia was not impaired when musical rhythm perception ability was controlled: like adults without dyslexia, they showed consistent preferences. However, rhythmic grouping was predicted by musical rhythm perception ability, irrespective of dyslexia. The results suggest associations among musical rhythm perception ability, speech rhythm perception, and reading ability. This highlights the importance of considering individual variability to better understand dyslexia and raises the possibility that musical rhythm perception ability is a key to phonological and reading acquisition.