Pressure Fluctuations in Natural Gas Networks Caused by Gas-Electric Coupling
Pressure Fluctuations in Natural Gas Networks Caused by Gas-Electric Coupling
复制标题
气电耦合引起的天然气管网压力波动
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sidhant Misra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Chertkov;Michael W. Fisher;S. Backhaus;R. Bent;Sidhant Misra
水力压裂技术的发展极大地增加了美国天然气的供应，降低了天然气的成本，推动了几个电力互联系统中天然气发电能力的扩大。燃气发电机具有快速爬坡的能力，经常被电网运营商用来平衡风力发电造成的间歇性。这些发电机的时变输出导致时变的天然气消耗率，从而影响天然气网络的压力和管线包。由于天然气系统运营商在估算管道输送能力和规划运营时，假设天然气消耗几乎是恒定的，因此这种波动是系统的风险来源。在这里，我们开发了一种评估这种风险的新方法。我们考虑了一个燃气网络模型，该模型通过两个组成部分建模：预测消耗和由于燃气发电机用于平衡风力而产生的小的空间暂时变化消耗。虽然预测消耗在较长时间尺度上是全局平衡的，但波动的消耗导致气体系统中的压力波动在时间上呈弥漫性增长，其扩散速率对质量流的稳定但空间不均匀的预测分布敏感。为了激励我们的方法，我们分析了波动的天然气消耗对Transco天然气管道模型的影响，该管道从墨西哥湾延伸到美国东北部。
The development of hydraulic fracturing technology has dramatically increased the supply and lowered the cost of natural gas in the United States, driving an expansion of natural gas-fired generation capacity in several electrical interconnections. Gas-fired generators have the capability to ramp quickly and are often utilized by grid operators to balance intermittency caused by wind generation. The time-varying output of these generators results in time-varying natural gas consumption rates that impact the pressure and line-pack of the gas network. As gas system operators assume nearly constant gas consumption when estimating pipeline transfer capacity and for planning operations, such fluctuations are a source of risk to their system. Here, we develop a new method to assess this risk. We consider a model of gas networks with consumption modeled through two components: forecasted consumption and small spatio-temporarily varying consumption due to the gas-fired generators being used to balance wind. While the forecasted consumption is globally balanced over longer time scales, the fluctuating consumption causes pressure fluctuations in the gas system to grow diffusively in time with a diffusion rate sensitive to the steady but spatially-inhomogeneous forecasted distribution of mass flow. To motivate our approach, we analyze the effect of fluctuating gas consumption on a model of the Transco gas pipeline that extends from the Gulf of Mexico to the Northeast of the United States.