Saturating effects of species diversity on life-history evolution in bacteria.
Saturating effects of species diversity on life-history evolution in bacteria.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.1794
复制
发表时间：
2015-09-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barraclough TG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fiegna F;Scheuerl T;Moreno-Letelier A;Bell T;Barraclough TG
物种间的相互作用可以在塑造新环境中的进化方面发挥重要作用。从理论上讲，物种间的相互作用可以通过促进共同进化来促进进化，也可以通过限制生态机会来抑制进化。随着物种丰富度的增加，这些影响的相对强度应该会有所不同，然而，几乎没有证据表明群落中组成物种的进化。我们在三个不同的环境中进化出了包含1到12个物种的细菌微观世界。在群落中进化的菌株的生长速度和产量低于在单一培养中进化的菌株，这与最近的理论一致，即竞争限制物种专注于较窄的资源集合。这种效应在较高的丰富度水平上饱和或逆转，与物种相互作用的方向性效应在更多样化的群落中应该减弱的理论一致。然而，物种对环境和丰富度水平的反应差异很大。现在需要机械模型和实验来理解和预测不同群落中物种的联合进化动态。
Species interactions can play a major role in shaping evolution in new environments. In theory, species interactions can either stimulate evolution by promoting coevolution or inhibit evolution by constraining ecological opportunity. The relative strength of these effects should vary as species richness increases, and yet there has been little evidence for evolution of component species in communities. We evolved bacterial microcosms containing between 1 and 12 species in three different environments. Growth rates and yields of isolates that evolved in communities were lower than those that evolved in monocultures, consistent with recent theory that competition constrains species to specialize on narrower sets of resources. This effect saturated or reversed at higher levels of richness, consistent with theory that directional effects of species interactions should weaken in more diverse communities. Species varied considerably, however, in their responses to both environment and richness levels. Mechanistic models and experiments are now needed to understand and predict joint evolutionary dynamics of species in diverse communities.