Genome-wide identification and characterisation of human DNA replication origins by initiation site sequencing (ini-seq).

Genome-wide identification and characterisation of human DNA replication origins by initiation site sequencing (ini-seq).
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkw760
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发表时间:
2016-12-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Krude T
Krude T
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Langley AR;Gräf S;Smith JC;Krude T

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下一代测序使人类DNA复制起源的全基因组鉴定成为可能。然而,绘制复制起源的不同方法,即:(i)对分离的小的新生DNA链进行测序(SNS-seq);(ii)测序复制泡(bubble-seq)和(iii)测序Okazaki片段(OK-seq),仅显示有限的一致性。为了解决这一争议,我们在这里描述了一种独立的高分辨率起源制图技术,我们称之为起始位点测序(ini-seq)。在这种方法中,在无细胞系统中,新复制的DNA在其起始位点附近直接用地高辛- dutp标记。然后免疫沉淀标记的DNA,基因组位置由DNA测序确定。利用这种技术,我们在人类基因组上以亚千碱基的分辨率确定了bb50 000个离散的起源位点,生物复制之间具有高度的一致性。通过ini-seq鉴定的大多数活化起始点位于转录起始位点,并含有g -四重体(G4)基序。它们倾向于聚集在早期复制区域,提供了早期复制时间和激活起源的局部密度之间的相关性。ini-seq鉴定的位点与SNS-seq鉴定的位点的一致性最高,其次是OK-seq和bubble-seq。此外,与SNS-seq或bubble-seq鉴定的位点相比,通过阳性核苷酸分布斜跳鉴定的种系起源与ini-seq和OK-seq鉴定的起源重叠的频率和特异性更高。
Next-generation sequencing has enabled the genome-wide identification of human DNA replication origins. However, different approaches to mapping replication origins, namely (i) sequencing isolated small nascent DNA strands (SNS-seq); (ii) sequencing replication bubbles (bubble-seq) and (iii) sequencing Okazaki fragments (OK-seq), show only limited concordance. To address this controversy, we describe here an independent high-resolution origin mapping technique that we call initiation site sequencing (ini-seq). In this approach, newly replicated DNA is directly labelled with digoxigenin-dUTP near the sites of its initiation in a cell-free system. The labelled DNA is then immunoprecipitated and genomic locations are determined by DNA sequencing. Using this technique we identify >25,000 discrete origin sites at sub-kilobase resolution on the human genome, with high concordance between biological replicates. Most activated origins identified by ini-seq are found at transcriptional start sites and contain G-quadruplex (G4) motifs. They tend to cluster in early-replicating domains, providing a correlation between early replication timing and local density of activated origins. Origins identified by ini-seq show highest concordance with sites identified by SNS-seq, followed by OK-seq and bubble-seq. Furthermore, germline origins identified by positive nucleotide distribution skew jumps overlap with origins identified by ini-seq and OK-seq more frequently and more specifically than do sites identified by either SNS-seq or bubble-seq.
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