Urban Pull: The Roles of Amenities and Employment
Urban Pull: The Roles of Amenities and Employment
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城市拉力：便利设施和就业的作用
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.3670974
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Roy Sasson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Naomi Hausman;P. Samuels;Maxime C. Cohen;Roy Sasson
本文利用社区设施的新测量来证明，美国城市的房价和租金几乎是由接近设施决定的，因为它们是由接近就业决定的。我们开发了一个显示偏好措施的设施，使用导航数据表明人们消费休闲的位置。消费舒适中心与就业中心有很大重叠，但它们是不同的，对价格有明显的影响。使用Alonso-Muth-米尔斯在城市内的空间均衡框架，我们估计的相对重要性的设施和就业需求的社区。基于导航的舒适性措施强烈，积极地预测当地和附近的价格与空间衰减。它增加了相当大的解释价值相对于可观察的场地为基础的市容措施，以及一些严格本地化的设施，如学校质量或犯罪。我们表明，限制邻里设施只消费当地人，而事实上，人们可能会在城市内旅行消费设施，错过了城市的一个关键特征和偏见的通勤成本和设施的价值估计。这些改进的便利措施增加了估计的重要性，便利设施相对于就业的位置需求，并建议潜在的鲁棒性的城市就业地点的变化。<br>
This paper leverages new measurement of neighborhood amenities to demonstrate that housing prices and rents in U.S. cities are determined nearly as much by proximity to amenities as they are by proximity to employment. We develop a revealed preference measure of amenities using navigations data indicating the locations in which people consume leisure. Consumption amenity centers overlap substantially with employment centers but are distinct and have distinct effects on prices. Using the Alonso-Muth-Mills within-city spatial equilibrium framework, we estimate the relative importance of amenities and employment in demand for neighborhoods. The navigations-based amenity measure strongly and positively predicts local and nearby prices with spatial decay. It adds substantial explanatory value relative to observable-venues-based amenity measures as well as to several strictly localized amenities, such as school quality or crime. We show that constraining neighborhood amenities to be consumed only by locals, when in fact people may travel within city to consume amenities, misses a key feature of cities and biases estimates of both commute costs and the value of amenities. These improvements in amenity measurement increase the estimated importance of amenities relative to employment in location demand and suggest the potential robustness of cities to changes in employment locations. <br>
消费准入与经济活动的空间集中度：来自智能手机数据的证据
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fukao;Kyoji、Settsu Tokihiko;芹澤 成弘;David Wolf;中島賢太郎
通讯作者：
中島賢太郎