The Emerging Hallmarks of Cancer Metabolism.
The Emerging Hallmarks of Cancer Metabolism.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.006
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发表时间：
2016-01-12
期刊：
影响因子：
29
通讯作者：
Thompson CB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pavlova NN;Thompson CB
肿瘤发生依赖于细胞代谢的重编程，这是致癌突变的直接和间接结果。癌细胞代谢的一个共同特征是能够从经常缺乏营养的环境中获得必要的营养物质，并利用这些营养物质来维持生存能力和建立新的生物质。细胞内和细胞外代谢物的改变可以伴随癌症相关的代谢重编程，对基因表达，细胞分化和肿瘤微环境有深远的影响。在这篇综述中，我们将已知的癌症相关代谢变化分为六个特征：（1）葡萄糖和氨基酸的摄取失调，（2）利用营养获取的机会模式，（3）利用糖酵解/TCA循环中间体进行生物合成和NADPH生产，（4）对氮的需求增加，（5）代谢物驱动的基因调控的改变，和（6）与微环境的代谢相互作用。虽然很少有肿瘤显示所有六个标志，但大多数显示几个。个体肿瘤表现出的特异性标志可能最终有助于更好的肿瘤分类并有助于指导治疗。
Tumorigenesis is dependent on the reprogramming of cellular metabolism as both direct and indirect consequence of oncogenic mutations. A common feature of cancer cell metabolism is the ability to acquire necessary nutrients from a frequently nutrient-poor environment and utilize these nutrients to both maintain viability and build new biomass. The alterations in intracellular and extracellular metabolites that can accompany cancer-associated metabolic reprogramming have profound effects on gene expression, cellular differentiation and the tumor microenvironment. In this Review, we have organized known cancer-associated metabolic changes into six hallmarks: (1) deregulated uptake of glucose and amino acids, (2) use of opportunistic modes of nutrient acquisition, (3) use of glycolysis/TCA cycle intermediates for biosynthesis and NADPH production, (4) increased demand for nitrogen, (5) alterations in metabolite-driven gene regulation, and (6) metabolic interactions with the microenvironment. While few tumors display all six hallmarks, most display several. The specific hallmarks exhibited by an individual tumor may ultimately contribute to better tumor classification and aid in directing treatment.