ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF REPRODUCTION IN THEMEDA-AUSTRALIS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF REPRODUCTION IN THEMEDA-AUSTRALIS
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DOI：
10.1071/bt9690375
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发表时间：
1969-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
KNOX, RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EVANS, LT;KNOX, RB
在受控条件下培养 30 个南方主题小种的幼苗和老植株，以确定日长和春化对其开花和无融合生殖发生率的影响。种族起源于南纬 6°。位于新几内亚至南纬 43°，塔斯马尼亚。来自新几内亚的一个品种和来自北领地的几个品种表现出严格的短日照植物。另一方面，更南的品种和来自昆士兰北部的一些品种是长日照植物。在一些植物中，花序的起始和发育都需要长日照，而在另一些植物中，花序的起始和发育显然只需要长日照。有些种族在幼苗时需要较长的日照时间，但在老植物时则不需要。来自干燥内陆地区的种族往往对其开花行为不关心白天的长度。至少有四个来自寒冷地区的种族对春化反应有反应。描述了有性生殖途径和无孢子生殖途径。两个种族的繁殖系统完全是有性的，两个种族似乎几乎完全是无孢子的，但大多数都是多才多艺的，表现出有性和无孢子的生殖行为。在七个种族中，有一些证据表明日照长度影响繁殖途径，无论开花所需的日照长度如何，短日照在所有情况下都会导致无孢子增加。
Seedlings and older plants of 30 ecological races of Themeda australis were grown under controlled conditions to determine the effect of day length and vernalization on their flowering and on the incidence of apomixis. The races ranged in origin from latitude 6°S. in New Guinea to latitude 43°S, in Tasmania. One race from New Guinea and several from the Northern Territory behaved as strict short-day plants. The more southerly races, on the other hand, and several from north Queensland were long-day plants. In some, long days were required for both initiation and development of the inflorescence, in others apparently only for initiation. Some races required long days as seedlings, but not as older plants. Races from drier inland areas tended to be indifferent to day length in their flowering behaviour. At least four races from the colder areas responded to vernalization. Both the sexual and the aposporous reproductive pathways are described. Two races were wholly sexual in their breeding system and two appeared to be almost entirely aposporous, but most were versatile, displaying both sexual and aposporous reproductive behaviour. In seven races there was some evidence that day length influenced the reproductive pathway, short days causing increased apospory in all cases, regardless of the day length requirements for flowering.