Estimation of chimpanzee community size and genetic diversity in Kahuzi-Biega National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo
Estimation of chimpanzee community size and genetic diversity in Kahuzi-Biega National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo
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刚果民主共和国卡胡兹-别加国家公园黑猩猩群落规模和遗传多样性的估计
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22435
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yamagiwa J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basabose Ak;Inoue E;Kamungu S;Murhabale B;Akomo-Okue EF;Yamagiwa J
刚果(金)卡胡齐-比加国家公园山地森林中的一个小黑猩猩栖息地通过一条走廊与这个公园的低地森林相连，这条走廊受到人类入侵的影响。为了评估这一小生境中黑猩猩种群的保护状况，我们估计了该群落的规模，并利用从卡虎子山地森林采集的279份粪便样本评估了其遗传多样性。利用常染色体微卫星(或短串联重复序列，STR)基因座，我们鉴定了32个个体，其中女性19个，男性13个。来自24个个体的样本至少采集了两次，遗传标记-重新捕获分析估计群落规模为36个(范围：32-42个)。Nest网站分享的数据证实，所有样本都属于同一个群落。巢址共享信息可能对非习惯性黑猩猩的种群研究有用。利用Y染色体短串联重复序列(Y-STR)基因座和线粒体D-环分析了32个个体的遗传结构和遗传多样性。发现了一个显性Y-STR单倍型，而线粒体区域没有显性单倍型，反映了黑猩猩典型的雌性偏向扩散模式。卡虎子黑猩猩三个标记的遗传多样性与东部其他黑猩猩种群的遗传多样性相当。STR基因座较高的杂合度和负近交系数(FIS)表明该研究群体属于近交黑猩猩种群。这些发现表明，至少在最近，研究社区的个体可能与卡胡齐-比加国家公园邻近社区的其他黑猩猩个体进行了生殖接触。上午好。J.Primatol。2015年，1015-1025。©2015 Wiley期刊，Inc.
A small chimpanzee habitat in the montane forest of Kahuzi‐Biega National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo, is connected with the lowland forest of this park through a corridor, which is affected by human encroachment. To assess the conservation status of the chimpanzee population in this small habitat, we estimated the size of the community and evaluated its genetic diversity by using 279 fecal samples collected in the montane forest of Kahuzi. Using autosomal microsatellite (or short tandem repeat, STR) loci, we identified 32 individuals, comprising 19 females and 13 males. Samples from 24 individuals were collected at least twice and a genetic mark‐recapture analysis estimated that the community size was 36 (range: 32–42). Data on nest site sharing confirmed that all the samples belonged to the same community. Nest site sharing information may be useful in population studies of unhabituated chimpanzees. The genetic structure and diversity of the 32 genotyped individuals was assessed using Y‐chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y‐STR) loci and mitochondrial D‐loops. One dominant Y‐STR haplotype was found, whereas there was no dominant haplotype in the mitochondrial region, reflecting a female‐biased dispersal pattern, which is typical of chimpanzees. The genetic diversity for three markers in Kahuzi chimpanzees was comparable to that in other eastern chimpanzee populations. A relatively high heterozygosity and negative inbreeding coefficient (FIS) for STR loci suggests that the study community belongs to an outbreeding chimpanzee population. These findings suggest that individuals of the study community may have reproductive contact with other chimpanzee individuals from neighboring communities in Kahuzi‐Biega National Park, at least in the recent past. Am. J. Primatol. 77:1015–1025, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.