How top-down processing enhances comprehension of noise-vocoded speech: Predictions about meaning are more important than predictions about form
How top-down processing enhances comprehension of noise-vocoded speech: Predictions about meaning are more important than predictions about form
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2020.104114
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Rabagliati, Hugh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corps, Ruth E.;Rabagliati, Hugh
听者很快学会理解被扭曲的言语，当理解受到更高层次知识的约束时，这一过程会得到加强。在三个实验中，我们研究了这种知识是否能提高对扭曲话语的理解，因为它允许听者预测(1)扭曲话语的意思，或(2)较低水平的词形式。参与者听的是问答序列，其中的问题是清晰地说出来的，但答案是带有噪音编码的。当听者可以用问题预测扭曲答案的语义时，理解（实验1）和学习（实验2）得到了增强，但答案形式的预测没有增强。只有当问题和答案被时间和中间语言材料显著分开时，形式预测才会提高理解能力（实验3）。综上所述，这些结果表明，高水平的语义预测提高了理解和学习能力，而形式预测只发挥了很小的作用。
Listeners quickly learn to understand speech that has been distorted, and this process is enhanced when comprehension is constrained by higher-level knowledge. In three experiments, we investigated whether this knowledge enhances comprehension of distorted speech because it allows listeners to predict (1) the meaning of the distorted utterance, or (2) the lower-level wordforms. Participants listened to question-answer sequences, in which questions were clearly-spoken but answers were noise-vocoded. Comprehension (Experiment 1) and learning (Experiment 2) were enhanced when listeners could use the question to predict the semantics of the distorted answer, but were not enhanced by predictions of answer form. Form predictions enhanced comprehension only when questions and answers were significantly separated by time and intervening linguistic material (Experiment 3). Together, these results suggest that high-level semantic predictions enhance comprehension and learning, with form predictions playing only a minimal role.