Treatment seeking and subsequent 1-year drinking outcomes among treatment clients in Sweden and the U.S.A.: a cross-cultural comparison.
Treatment seeking and subsequent 1-year drinking outcomes among treatment clients in Sweden and the U.S.A.: a cross-cultural comparison.
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瑞典和美国治疗对象的治疗寻求和随后一年的饮酒结果：跨文化比较。
DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.05.007
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Romelsjö,Anders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Witbrodt,Jane;Romelsjö,Anders
跨文化比较提供了一种区分不同文化的独特方面和共同方面的方法。理论框架的健康服务的概念模型，我们研究的程度，特定文化与共同特征与寻求治疗和饮酒的结果。瑞典（n=997）和美国（n=501）酒精依赖者在基线和1年（分别为n=635和n=384）进行了访谈。两项研究都收集了可比较的背景，寻求帮助和饮酒数据。回归模型测试了1年随访饮酒的预测因素，定义为戒酒或适度饮酒与大量饮酒。瑞典人年龄较大，社交网络主要由药物滥用者组成，而美国人报告的问题严重程度更高，涉及的药物更多。而美国人报告更大的先前互助出席，瑞典人报告更大的先前治疗参与。在两个样本中，女性、年轻年龄组和有戒酒目标的人报告了更好的1年饮酒结果。文化和体制差异是显而易见的。例如，瑞典人拥有一个基本上不使用网络的人预测了更好的结果，而较低的问题严重程度是美国人的预测因素。
Cross-cultural comparisons provide a method for distinguishing unique aspects as well as shared aspects of different cultures. Theoretically framed by a health-services conceptual model, we examine the extent that culture-specific versus common characteristics are associated with treatment seeking and drinking outcome. Swedish (n=997) and U.S. (n=501) alcohol-dependent individuals were interviewed at baseline and 1-year (n=635 and n=384 respectively). Both studies gathered comparable background, help-seeking, and drinking data. Regression models tested predictors of 1-year follow-up drinking defined as abstinence or moderate drinking versus heavy drinking. Swedish individuals were older and had social networks comprised mostly of substance abusers compared to U.S. individuals who reported higher problem severity and greater drug involvement. Whereas U.S. individuals reported greater prior mutual-help attendance, Swedish individuals reported greater prior treatment involvement. Better 1-year drinking outcomes were reported by women, younger age groups and those with an abstinence goal in both samples. Cultural and institutional differences were apparent. For example, with Swedish individuals having a mostly non-using network predicted better outcomes, whereas lower problem severity was a predictor for U.S. individuals.