The General Movement Assessment Helps Us to Identify Preterm Infants at Risk for Cognitive Dysfunction.
The General Movement Assessment Helps Us to Identify Preterm Infants at Risk for Cognitive Dysfunction.
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一般运动评估有助于我们确定有认知功能障碍风险的早产儿。
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00406
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Marschik PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Einspieler C;Bos AF;Libertus ME;Marschik PB
除了运动和行为功能障碍外，认知技能缺陷也是早产的后遗症之一。然而，早期识别有认知能力差风险的婴儿仍然是一个挑战，因为尚未发现基于神经成像扫描的病理结果与认知功能之间的明确关联。Prechtl一般运动评估（GMA）已显示出其在评估年轻神经系统完整性方面的优点。这是一个可靠的工具，以确定婴儿的神经运动缺陷的风险。最近对早产儿的研究表明，异常的一般运动（GM）也反映了参与认知发育的大脑区域的损伤。本系统综述的目的是讨论包括（i）早产儿应用Prechtl GMA和（ii）6个数据库中的认知结果测量在内的研究。7项研究符合纳入标准，并得出以下结果：（a）早产儿在足月后8周内持续异常GM的儿童在学龄时的智力水平低于GM早期正常化的儿童;（B）从足月后3至5个月，并发运动库的几个定性和定量方面，包括姿势模式，在7-10岁时就能预测智力。这些在428名早产儿中的发现表明，正常的GM沿着在足月后的第一个月内具有正常的运动功能，是正常认知发育的标志，直到至少10岁。
Apart from motor and behavioral dysfunctions, deficits in cognitive skills are among the well-documented sequelae of preterm birth. However, early identification of infants at risk for poor cognition is still a challenge, as no clear association between pathological findings based on neuroimaging scans and cognitive functions have been detected as yet. The Prechtl General Movement Assessment (GMA) has shown its merits for the evaluation of the integrity of the young nervous system. It is a reliable tool for identifying infants at risk for neuromotor deficits. Recent studies on preterm infants demonstrate that abnormal general movements (GMs) also reflect impairments of brain areas involved in cognitive development. The aim of this systematic review was to discuss studies that included (i) the Prechtl GMA applied in preterm infants, and (ii) cognitive outcome measures in six data bases. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria and yielded the following results: (a) children born preterm with consistently abnormal GMs up to 8 weeks after term had lower intelligence quotients at school age than children with an early normalization of GMs; (b) from 3 to 5 months after term, several qualitative, and quantitative aspects of the concurrent motor repertoire, including postural patterns, were predictive of intelligence at 7–10 years of age. These findings in 428 individuals born preterm suggest that normal GMs along with a normal motor repertoire during the first months after term are markers for normal cognitive development until at least age 10.