Invasive Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) transmits crayfish plague pathogen (Aphanomyces astaci)
Invasive Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) transmits crayfish plague pathogen (Aphanomyces astaci)
复制标题
入侵的中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）传播小龙虾瘟疫病原体（Aphanomyces astaci）
DOI：
10.3391/ai.2014.9.2.09
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
R. Schulz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Schrimpf;Thomas Schmidt;R. Schulz
中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir Sinensis)是致命性小龙虾鼠疫病原体(Aphanmyces Astaci)的媒介。这两个物种都被列为世界100种最严重的入侵物种。从中国开始，中华绒螯蟹就被引入欧洲，大概是通过船上的压舱水。A.astaci起源于北美，被认为是通过人为媒介运送北美淡水小龙虾物种的活标本首次引入欧洲的。虽然北美的小龙虾对病原体具有抵抗力，但它会给欧洲本土的小龙虾物种带来一种致命的疾病。人们普遍认为，小龙虾瘟疫只会感染淡水小龙虾物种。直到最近，中华绒螯蟹还没有被认为是这种病原体的宿主。目前还没有进行研究来调查它们是否也是一种媒介。在这项研究中，传播实验是结合随后的物种特异性分子分析进行的。结果表明，中华绒螯蟹携带小龙虾鼠疫病原体，并可将其传播给欧洲高贵小龙虾(Asta Us Astacus)。考虑到中华绒螯蟹的高入侵潜力和衰退的生活周期，这些发现的意义在生态学上是令人震惊的，这有利于病原体的广泛分布。
The Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis) is a vector of the fatal crayfish plague pathogen (Aphanomyces astaci). Both species are listed among the worlds 100 worst invasive species. From its origin in China the Chinese mitten crab was introduced to Europe, presumably via ballast water from ships. A. astaci originated in North America and is assumed to have been firstly introduced to Europe through human- mediated transportation of live specimens of North American freshwater crayfish species. While the North American crayfish species are resistant to the pathogen, it causes a fatal disease to native European crayfish species. It was generally assumed that the crayfish plague could only infect freshwater crayfish species. Until recently, the Chinese mitten crab had not been recognised as a host of the pathogen. And no study has yet been carried out to investigate if they also serve as a vector. In this study, transmission experiments are carried out in combination with subsequent species-specific molecular analysis. The results establish that the Chinese mitten crab carry the crayfish plague pathogen and can transmit it to the European noble crayfish (Astacus astacus). The implications of these findings are ecologically alarming, considering the high invasive potential and the catadromous life cycle of Chinese mitten crabs, facilitating the widespread distribution of the pathogen.