Male Enchenopa treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae) vary mate-searching behavior but not signaling behavior in response to spider silk
Male Enchenopa treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae) vary mate-searching behavior but not signaling behavior in response to spider silk
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雄性 Enchenopa 角蝉（半翅目：Membracidae）会改变寻偶行为，但不会响应蜘蛛丝而发出信号行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. L. Rodríguez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Fowler‐Finn;N. Al‐Wathiqui;Daniel C Cruz;Mishal Al;R. L. Rodríguez
寻找和吸引配偶会增加雄性与捕食者的接触和吸引力。为了减少捕食的可能性，男性可能会修改交配收购的努力，主要有两种方式：他们可能会减少寻找配偶的努力，或者他们可能会减少配偶吸引力的努力。雄性在捕食者线索存在下的具体行为变化应取决于环境中捕食者类型所施加的风险性质。例如，守株待兔的捕食者给寻找配偶的雄性带来了更大的代价。在这里，我们测试是否线索的存在，一个坐着等待捕食者导致减少配偶搜索，但不配偶收购行为。我们使用了一个成员Enchenopa binotata复杂的树跳-一个分支的振动通信昆虫，其中男性飞行寻找配偶，并产生配偶吸引信号时，他们降落在植物茎。我们测试了当蜘蛛丝存在或不存在时，求偶和信号行为的变化。我们发现，只有当蜘蛛丝存在时，雄性才会推迟飞行，但前提是它们正在积极寻找配偶。这些结果表明，男性已被选中，以减少捕食风险，调整他们如何移动他们的环境，根据坐在等待捕食者的线索。
Finding and attracting mates can impose costs on males in terms of increased encounters with, and attraction of, predators. To decrease the likelihood of predation, males may modify mate-acquisition efforts in two main ways: they may reduce mate-searching efforts or they may reduce mate-attraction efforts. The specific behavior that males change in the presence of predator cues should depend upon the nature of risk imposed by the type of predator present in the environment. For example, sit-and-wait predators impose greater costs to males moving in search of mates. Here, we test whether cues of the presence of a sit-and-wait predator lead to a reduction in mate-searching but not mate-acquisition behavior. We used a member of the Enchenopa binotata complex of treehoppers—a clade of vibrationally communicating insects in which males fly in search of mates and produce mate-attraction signals when they land on plant stems. We tested for changes in mate-searching and signaling behaviors when silk from a web-building spider was present or absent. We found that males delayed flight when spider silk was present but only if they were actively searching for mates. These results suggest that males have been selected to reduce predation risk by adjusting how they move about their environment according to the cues of sit-and-wait predators.