How to Observe the Vacuum Decay in Low-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions.
How to Observe the Vacuum Decay in Low-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.123.113401
复制
发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
I. A. Maltsev;V. Shabaev;R. V. Popov;Y. Kozhedub;G. Plunien;X. Ma;T. Stöhlker;D. Tumakov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. A. Maltsev;V. Shabaev;R. V. Popov;Y. Kozhedub;G. Plunien;X. Ma;T. Stöhlker;D. Tumakov
在总电荷大于临界值Z_(Cr)≈_(173)的两个裸核的慢碰撞中，初始的中性真空可以自发衰变为带电真空和两个正电子。正电子自发辐射的探测将是这一基本现象的直接证据。然而，在正电子能谱中，自发产生的粒子与动力学背景是难以区分的。我们表明，真空衰变仍然可以通过对产生几率的碰撞敏感测量来观察到。通过对重核低能碰撞中产生对的数值计算，证明了这种观测的可能性。
In slow collisions of two bare nuclei with the total charge larger than the critical value Z_{cr}≈173, the initially neutral vacuum can spontaneously decay into the charged vacuum and two positrons. The detection of the spontaneous emission of positrons would be direct evidence of this fundamental phenomenon. However, the spontaneously produced particles are indistinguishable from the dynamical background in the positron spectra. We show that the vacuum decay can nevertheless be observed via impact-sensitive measurements of pair-production probabilities. The possibility of such an observation is demonstrated using numerical calculations of pair production in low-energy collisions of heavy nuclei.