Systemic side effects of eye drops: a pharmacokinetic perspective.
Systemic side effects of eye drops: a pharmacokinetic perspective.
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DOI：
10.2147/opth.s118409
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Czejka M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Farkouh A;Frigo P;Czejka M
当施用滴眼剂时，即使当完全正确地施用时，也可能有几种吸收途径，并且过量有时会导致滴眼剂在未完全吸收到眼中时的不希望的全身生物利用度。此外，这些药物制剂中活性成分的浓度通常非常高，因此尽管正确应用了推荐剂量，但相当大的量可能通过各种途径以不希望的方式被吸收。儿童发生全身性副作用的风险要高得多，因为眼部给药未经体重调整，且生理发育（如肝脏状态）与成人不同。当前文献中缺乏关于儿科给药的信息。本文综述了眼科治疗过程中可能发生的最重要的临床相关全身性副作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了一般的药代动力学考虑以及从一些重要的药物组给药的优点，缺点和后果的眼睛。
When administering eye drops, even when completely correctly applied, several routes of absorption are possible and excess amounts can sometimes cause an unwanted systemic bioavailability of the drops when not completely absorbed into the eye. Furthermore, the concentration of active ingredients in such medicinal preparations is usually very high, so that despite the correct application of the recommended dose, considerable amounts may be absorbed in an unwanted manner through various routes. Children are subject to a much higher risk of systemic side effects because ocular dosing is not weight adjusted and physiological development (eg, liver status) differs from that of adults. There is a lack of information about pediatric dosing in the current literature. This review summarizes the most important clinically relevant systemic side effects that may occur during ophthalmic eye treatments. In this review, we discuss general pharmacokinetic considerations as well as the advantages, disadvantages, and consequences of administering drugs from some important drug groups to the eye.