Conflict of interest and signal interference lead to the breakdown of honest signaling.
Conflict of interest and signal interference lead to the breakdown of honest signaling.
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利益冲突和信号干扰导致诚实信号的崩溃。
DOI：
10.1111/evo.12751
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Diggle SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Popat R;Pollitt EJ;Harrison F;Naghra H;Hong KW;Chan KG;Griffin AS;Williams P;Brown SP;West SA;Diggle SP
动物利用信号来协调各种行为，从喂养后代到躲避捕食者。这带来了一个进化问题，因为个体可能会发出不诚实的信号，强迫其他人以有利于信号发出者的方式行事。理论表明，当个人有共同的兴趣并且信号携带可靠的信息时，诚实的信号会受到青睐。在这里，我们利用细菌信号传导提供的机会，通过实验进化方法来测试这些预测。我们发现：（1）相关性的降低导致信号传导的相对破坏，（2）信号传导因突变体的入侵而被破坏，这些突变体表现出信号传导的减少和对信号的反应的减少，（3）信号传导破坏的遗传途径是可变的，以及（4）添加人工信号来干扰信号信息，也会导致信号传导的减少。我们的结果为信号理论提供了明确的支持，但我们没有找到先前预测的中间相关性强制的证据，这表明机制细节可以改变特定预测的定性性质。此外，在低相关性下进化的种群导致昆虫宿主的死亡率降低，这表明细菌病原体的信号进化如何驱动毒力进化，方向与理论通常预测的相反。
Animals use signals to coordinate a wide range of behaviors, from feeding offspring to predator avoidance. This poses an evolutionary problem, because individuals could potentially signal dishonestly to coerce others into behaving in ways that benefit the signaler. Theory suggests that honest signaling is favored when individuals share a common interest and signals carry reliable information. Here, we exploit the opportunities offered by bacterial signaling to test these predictions with an experimental evolution approach. We show that: (1) reduced relatedness leads to the relative breakdown of signaling, (2) signaling breaks down by the invasion of mutants that show both reduced signaling and reduced response to signal, (3) the genetic route to signaling breakdown is variable, and (4) the addition of artificial signal, to interfere with signal information, also leads to reduced signaling. Our results provide clear support for signaling theory, but we did not find evidence for previously predicted coercion at intermediate relatedness, suggesting that mechanistic details can alter the qualitative nature of specific predictions. Furthermore, populations evolved under low relatedness caused less mortality to insect hosts, showing how signal evolution in bacterial pathogens can drive the evolution of virulence in the opposite direction to that often predicted by theory.