Estimation of sodium and potassium intakes assessed by two 24 h urine collections in healthy Japanese adults: a nationwide study
Estimation of sodium and potassium intakes assessed by two 24 h urine collections in healthy Japanese adults: a nationwide study
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114514001779
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发表时间：
2014-10-14
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sasaki, Satoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Asakura, Keiko;Uechi, Ken;Sasaki, Satoshi
钠摄入量过多和钾摄入量不足是众所周知的心血管疾病的危险因素。国际比较研究报道，日本是世界上钠摄入量最高、钾摄入量最低的国家。然而，最近没有研究准确评估日本成年人的钠和钾摄入量。在本研究中，通过在日本47个县中的23个县实施的两次24小时尿液收集来估计Na和K的摄入量。招募了年龄在20至69岁、在福利机构工作的健康男性（384人）和女性（376人），并于2013年2月和3月进行了数据收集。男性钠排泄量为206.0 mmol/d，女性为173.9 mmol/d。钾排泄量分别为51.6和47.2 mmol/d。钠和钾的排泄量在不同地区差异很大，BMI越高，排泄量越高。相比之下，只有K排泄与年龄有关。在估算了Na和K的正常摄入量后，发现男性受试者没有一个达到WHO推荐的Na摄入量，只有3.2%达到日本政府的建议摄入量。女性分别为0.1%和5.0%。在K摄入量方面，7.5%的受试者达到世界卫生组织的推荐值，21.7%的受试者达到日本政府的推荐值。这些发现表明，迫切需要制定有效的干预方案，以减少日本人群钠摄入量和促进钾摄入量。
Excess Na intake and insufficient K intake are well-known risk factors for CVD. International comparative studies have reported that Japan has the highest intake of Na and the lowest intake of K in the world. However, no recent study has precisely assessed Na and K intakes in Japanese adults. In the present study, Na and K intakes were estimated from two 24 h urine collections implemented in twenty-three out of forty-seven prefectures in Japan. Apparently healthy men (n 384) and women (n 376), aged 20 to 69 years, who had been working in welfare facilities were recruited, with data collection conducted in February and March 2013. The mean Na excretion was 206.0 mmol/d in men and 173.9 mmol/d in women. The respective values of K excretion were 51.6 and 47.2 mmol/d. The excretion of both Na and K varied considerably among the prefectures, and was higher in subjects with a higher BMI. In contrast, only K excretion was associated with age. After estimating the usual intakes of Na and K, it was found that none of the male subjects met the recommended Na intake values of the WHO, and that only 3.2% met those of the Japanese government. The respective values for females were 0.1 and 5.0%. For K intake, 7.5% of the total subjects met the recommended values of the WHO and 21.7% met those of the Japanese government. These findings suggest that there is an urgent need for the development of an effective intervention programme to reduce Na intake and promote K intake in the Japanese population.