Pathogenic Enterobacteria in Lemurs Associated With Anthropogenic Disturbance
Pathogenic Enterobacteria in Lemurs Associated With Anthropogenic Disturbance
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22348
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Gillespie, Thomas R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bublitz, Deanna C.;Wright, Patricia C.;Gillespie, Thomas R.
随着人类人口密度继续呈指数级增长，加速了灵长类动物栖息地的减少和破碎，人类与灵长类动物的接触不可避免，这使得病原体传播率可能更高。人为影响在马达加斯加特别明显，当地特有的狐猴物种的多样性受到栖息地迅速丧失的威胁。尽管存在这些风险，但人类活动如何影响狐猴接触病原体的知识有限。为了提高我们对这种相互作用的理解，我们非侵入性地检查了Ranomafana国家公园中6种野生狐猴的肠道细菌病原体，这些病原体通常与马达加斯加人群中的腹泻病相关。产肠杆菌性大肠杆菌、志贺氏菌属、肠道沙门氏菌、霍乱弧菌和耶尔森氏菌。（小肠结肠炎和假结核）的狐猴栖息在完整的森林和狐猴栖息在退化的栖息地，经常暴露于旅游和其他人类活动之间进行了比较。从人类，牲畜和啮齿类动物的粪便样本也筛选这些细菌的退化栖息地附近生活。值得注意的是，只有生活在公园干扰区域的狐猴对这些病原体检测呈阳性。此外，所有这些病原体都存在于人类、牲畜和/或啮齿动物群体中。这些数据表明，狐猴居住在森林改变或经常光顾的人，牲畜，或peridomestic啮齿动物，感染的风险，这些肠道致病菌和其他类似的传播病原体。Am. J. Primatol. 77：330-337，2015. (c)2014 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
As human population density continues to increase exponentially, speeding the reduction and fragmentation of primate habitat, greater human-primate contact is inevitable, making higher rates of pathogen transmission likely. Anthropogenic effects are particularly evident in Madagascar, where a diversity of endemic lemur species are threatened by rapid habitat loss. Despite these risks, knowledge of how anthropogenic activities affect lemur exposure to pathogens is limited. To improve our understanding of this interplay, we non-invasively examined six species of wild lemurs in Ranomafana National Park for enteric bacterial pathogens commonly associated with diarrheal disease in human populations in Madagascar. Patterns of infection with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella enterica, Vibrio cholerae, and Yersinia spp. (enterocolitica and pseudotuberculosis) were compared between lemurs inhabiting intact forest and lemurs inhabiting degraded habitat with frequent exposure to tourism and other human activity. Fecal samples acquired from humans, livestock, and rodents living near the degraded habitat were also screened for these bacteria. Remarkably, only lemurs living in disturbed areas of the park tested positive for these pathogens. Moreover, all of these pathogens were present in the human, livestock, and/or rodent populations. These data suggest that lemurs residing in forests altered or frequented by people, livestock, or peridomestic rodents, are at risk for infection by these diarrhea-causing enterobacteria and other similarly transmitted pathogens. Am. J. Primatol. 77:330-337, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.