Artificial intelligence (AI) and global health: how can AI contribute to health in resource-poor settings?
Artificial intelligence (AI) and global health: how can AI contribute to health in resource-poor settings?
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000798
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Schwalbe NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wahl B;Cossy-Gantner A;Germann S;Schwalbe NR
人工智能（AI）领域在过去的60年里有了很大的发展。虽然现在有许多人工智能应用程序已经部署在高收入国家的背景下，但在资源贫乏的环境中使用仍然相对较新。除了一些明显的例外，在这种情况下使用人工智能的例子有限。然而，有迹象表明这种情况正在发生变化。近年来召开了几次备受瞩目的会议，讨论人工智能应用程序的开发和部署，以减少贫困并提供广泛的关键公共服务。我们提供了人工智能的一般概述，以及它如何用于改善资源贫乏环境中的健康结果。我们还描述了一些当前围绕患者安全和隐私的伦理辩论。尽管目前面临挑战，但人工智能在改变资源匮乏环境中的医疗服务提供方面具有巨大的潜力。在这种情况下，许多卫生系统的障碍可以通过使用人工智能和其他互补的新兴技术来克服。进一步研究和投资开发针对资源匮乏环境的人工智能工具，将加速实现人工智能在改善全球健康方面的全部潜力。
The field of artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved considerably in the last 60 years. While there are now many AI applications that have been deployed in high-income country contexts, use in resource-poor settings remains relatively nascent. With a few notable exceptions, there are limited examples of AI being used in such settings. However, there are signs that this is changing. Several high-profile meetings have been convened in recent years to discuss the development and deployment of AI applications to reduce poverty and deliver a broad range of critical public services. We provide a general overview of AI and how it can be used to improve health outcomes in resource-poor settings. We also describe some of the current ethical debates around patient safety and privacy. Despite current challenges, AI holds tremendous promise for transforming the provision of healthcare services in resource-poor settings. Many health system hurdles in such settings could be overcome with the use of AI and other complementary emerging technologies. Further research and investments in the development of AI tools tailored to resource-poor settings will accelerate realising of the full potential of AI for improving global health.
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