Social-cognitive factors in changing health-related behaviors
Social-cognitive factors in changing health-related behaviors
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8721.00112
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发表时间：
2001-04-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Schwarzer, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwarzer, R
改变与健康相关的行为需要两个独立的过程，分别涉及动机和意志力。首先，改变的意图得以形成，这在一定程度上基于自我信念。其次，改变必须得到规划、启动和维持，并且要对复发情况进行管控；自我调节在这些过程中起着关键作用。健康行为改变的社会认知模型涉及这两个过程。其中一个模型，即健康行动过程方法，明确基于这样一种假设，即需要对两个不同的阶段进行纵向研究，一个阶段导致行为意图的产生，另一个阶段导致实际行为的发生。特定的社会认知变量在这两个阶段可能发挥不同的作用；自我效能感是唯一在两个阶段似乎都同等重要的预测因素。
Changing health-related behaviors requires two separate processes that involve motivation and volition, respectively. First, an intention to change is developed, in part on the basis of self-beliefs. Second, the change must be planned, initiated, and maintained, and relapses must be managed; self-regulation plays a critical role in these processes. Social-cognition models of health behavior change address these two processes. One such model, the health action process approach, is explicitly based on the assumption that two distinct phases need to be studied longitudinally, one phase that leads to a behavioral intention and another that leads to the actual behavior. Particular social-cognitive variables may play different roles in the two stages; perceived self-efficacy is the only predictor that seems to be equally important in the two phases.