Carcinogenesis as an Evolutionary Game
Carcinogenesis as an Evolutionary Game
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致癌作为一场进化游戏
DOI：
10.1142/s0219525906000872
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Vincent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Vincent
人类癌症可以被认为是体内细胞的达尔文进化（体细胞进化）。因此，它可以使用进化博弈论建模。在这个游戏中，胜利者能够维持可生存的人口数量，而失败者则会灭绝。提出了一个体细胞进化模型，展示了癌症如何进化成为这场游戏的赢家。与该模型相关联的是一个自适应的景观，说明了细胞的进化潜力作为细胞使用的自适应参数的函数。正常细胞有一个新的适应景观，允许共存的入侵突变表型。由于存在导致有限生长和非致死共存的细胞约束，突变细胞群体不需要立即形成恶性肿瘤。然而，这种共存变形的本地自适应景观导致一个未占用的健身高峰。这个峰值的存在提供了进化的潜力，将突变细胞从简单的共存转变为逃避性癌症。这里提出的模型表明，实现这一结果所需的一切就是放松通常禁止细胞进化的约束。
Human cancer may be thought of as Darwinian evolution of cells within the body (somatic evolution). As such, it may be modeled using evolutionary game theory. Winners in this game are able to maintain viable population numbers while losers go extinct. A model for somatic evolution is presented that shows how cancer can evolve to become a winner in this game. Associated with the model is an adaptive landscape that illustrates the evolutionary potential of cells as a function of adaptive parameters used by cells. Normal cells have a novel adaptive landscape that permits coexistence of invading mutant phenotypes. A mutant cellular population needs not immediately form a malignancy due to the existence of cellular constraints that results in limited growth and non-lethal coexistence. However, this coexistence deforms the local adaptive landscape resulting in an unoccupied fitness peak. The existence of this peak provides the potential for evolution to drive the mutant cells from simple coexistence to an evasive cancer. The model presented here suggests all that is required to accomplish this result is the relaxation of constraints that normally prohibit cells to evolve.