Interaction of marijuana and alcohol on fatal motor vehicle crash risk: a case-control study.
Interaction of marijuana and alcohol on fatal motor vehicle crash risk: a case-control study.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s40621-017-0105-z
复制
发表时间：
2017-12
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Chen Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chihuri S;Li G;Chen Q
驾驶员同时使用大麻和酒精越来越受到关注，但其在事故原因中的作用尚未得到很好的理解。 使用病例对照设计，我们评估了大麻和酒精使用对致命车祸风险的个体和联合影响。病例（n = 1944）是2006年、2007年和2008年特定时间在美国机动车碰撞中受致命伤的司机。对照组（n = 7719）的司机参加了2007年全国路边调查的酒精和药物使用的司机。总体而言，病例比对照组更有可能对大麻（12.2%对5.9%，p < 0.0001），酒精（57.8%对7.7%，p < 0.0001）以及大麻和酒精（8.9%对0.8%，p < 0.0001）进行检测。与酒精和大麻检测阴性的驾驶员相比，酒精检测阳性和大麻检测阴性的驾驶员致命碰撞参与的调整后比值比为16.33 [95%置信区间（CI）：14.23，18.75]，（95% CI：1.16，2.03）为大麻检测阳性和酒精检测阴性，和25.09（95% CI：17.97，35.03）为酒精和大麻检测阳性。饮酒和吸食大麻都与致命车祸的风险显著增加有关。当酒精和大麻一起使用时，在加和标度上对致命碰撞风险存在正的协同效应。
Concurrent use of marijuana and alcohol in drivers is of increasing concern but its role in crash causation has not been well understood. Using a case–control design, we assessed the individual and joint effects of marijuana and alcohol use on fatal crash risk. Cases (n = 1944) were drivers fatally injured in motor vehicle crashes in the United States at specific times in 2006, 2007 and 2008. Controls (n = 7719) were drivers who participated in the 2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers. Overall, cases were significantly more likely than controls to test positive for marijuana (12.2% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.0001), alcohol (57.8% vs. 7.7%, p < 0.0001) and both marijuana and alcohol (8.9% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.0001). Compared to drivers testing negative for alcohol and marijuana, the adjusted odds ratios of fatal crash involvement were 16.33 [95% confidence interval (CI): 14.23, 18.75] for those testing positive for alcohol and negative for marijuana, 1.54 (95% CI: 1.16, 2.03) for those testing positive for marijuana and negative for alcohol, and 25.09 (95% CI: 17.97, 35.03) for those testing positive for both alcohol and marijuana. Alcohol use and marijuana use are each associated with significantly increased risks of fatal crash involvement. When alcohol and marijuana are used together, there exists a positive synergistic effect on fatal crash risk on the additive scale.