All great ape species follow gaze to distant locations and around barriers
All great ape species follow gaze to distant locations and around barriers
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DOI：
10.1037/0735-7036.119.2.145
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Tomasello, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bräuer, J;Call, J;Tomasello, M
跟随同种动物的注视方向是一种适应性技能，使个体能够获得有关食物、捕食者和群体同伴位置的有用信息。在目前的研究中，作者比较了所有4种类人猿的目光跟随技能。在第一个实验中，一个人要么看着天花板，要么直视前方。所有物种的个体都可靠地跟随人类的视线方向，有时甚至在没有发现目标时回过头来。在第二个实验中，人类向某种屏障后面看。结果表明，所有物种的个体都可靠地把自己放在可以看到实验者在屏障后面看的地方。这些结果支持了一种假设，即类人猿不只是朝向另一只类人猿所朝向的目标，而且它们实际上试图从另一只类人猿的视觉角度出发。
Following the gaze direction of conspecifics is an adaptive skill that enables individuals to obtain useful information about the location of food, predators, and group mates. In the current study, the authors compared the gaze-following skills of all 4 great ape species. In the 1st experiment, a human either looked to the ceiling or looked straight ahead. Individuals from all species reliably followed the human's gaze direction and sometimes even checked back when they found no target. In a 2nd experiment, the human looked behind some kind of barrier. Results showed that individuals from all species reliably put themselves in places from which they could see what the experimenter was looking at behind the barrier. These results support the hypothesis that great apes do not just orient to a target that another is oriented to, but they actually attempt to take the visual perspective of the other.