F-specific RNA coliphages: occurrence, types, and survival in natural waters
F-specific RNA coliphages: occurrence, types, and survival in natural waters
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DOI：
10.1016/s0043-1354(01)00547-4
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Sobsey, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brion, GM;Meschke, JS;Sobsey, MD
一个小的，定义明确的分水岭进行了为期2年的调查，以确定流行的F-特异性RNA大肠杆菌噬菌体（F + RNA）血清型的动物粪便污染的指标。采样点收集了来自城市和农业土地利用模式地区的径流。通过聚乙二醇沉淀从2 L淡水样品中浓缩F特异性大肠杆菌噬菌体，使用双琼脂层（DAL）方法分离，通过RNA酶抑制确认为F + RNA，并进行血清分型。通过基因分型确认了血清型F+ RNA的子集。为了确定相对存活率，将10个经确认的F +RNA田间分离株和5个原型F +RNA掺入地表水中，并在25 ℃下孵育36天。F-特异性大肠杆菌噬菌体分离与降雨事件密切相关，并且在主要受动物影响的地表沃茨中很少发生。田间分离株主要是I型F + RNA（81%），而原污水分离株主要是III型F + RNA（57%）。从流域或原污水样本的基因分型从来没有积极确定IV型F + RNA。实验室研究的结果表明，F + RNA在水中的存活率不同，IV型菌株的持久性最低。III型F + RNA被认为是可靠的释放不受控制的人类粪便物质的流域，但这项研究的结果表明，在利用自然沃茨的粪便来源识别之前，需要进一步的研究。(C)2002 Elsevier Science Ltd保留所有权利。
A small, well-defined watershed was investigated over a 2-year period to determine the prevalence of F-specific RNA coliphage (F + RNA) serotypes as indicators of animal fecal contamination. Sampling sites collected runoff from areas of urban and agricultural land use patterns. F-specific coliphages were concentrated from 2-L freshwater samples by polyethylene glycol precipitation, isolated using the double agar layer (DAL) method, confirmed as F + RNA by RNAse suppression, and serotyped. A subset of serotyped F+ RNA were confirmed by genotyping. To determine relative survival, 10 confirmed F +RNA field isolates and 5 prototypic F +RNA were spiked into surface water and incubated at 25degreesC for 36 days. F-specific coliphage isolation was strongly associated with rainfall events and was infrequent from primarily animal impacted surface waters. Field isolates were predominantly Type I F + RNA (81 %) and raw sewage isolates were predominantly Type III F + RNA (57 %). Genotyping from either the watershed or raw sewage samples never positively identified Type IV F + RNA. Results from laboratory studies showed that F + RNA differ in their survival in water and that Type IV strains were the least persistent. Type III F + RNA were found to be reliably related to the release of uncontrolled human fecal material in the watershed, but the results of this study suggest that further study is required before utilizing for fecal source identification in natural waters. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd All rights reserved.