Alarm calls elicit predator-specific physiological responses.
Alarm calls elicit predator-specific physiological responses.
复制标题
警报声会引发捕食者特有的生理反应。
DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2010.0118
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Mateo,JillM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mateo,JillM
糖皮质激素调节葡萄糖浓度和对不可预测事件的反应，同时也调节认知。少年Belding的地松鼠（Urocitellus beldingi）学习响应哨声和颤音报警电话，分别警告空中和陆地捕食者，出现后不久，纳塔尔洞穴在一个月的年龄。报警电话可以引起生理反应和唤醒，这种唤醒，再加上观察成人的反应，可能有助于青少年学习呼叫和行为反应之间的联系。我研究了年轻人是否对报警和非报警呼叫表现出不同的皮质醇反应，使用回放U。beldingiwhistles，trills，squeals（同种控制发声）和无声控制。颤音引起非常高的皮质醇反应，并使用一个人的反应作为基线的沉默控制，只有他们的反应颤音显着高于基线。这种皮质醇的增加将为延长警惕和逃跑努力提供葡萄糖，这适合于躲避长时间狩猎的陆地捕食者。虽然口哨声不会引起皮质醇反应，但先前的研究表明，它们确实会导致心动过缓，从而增强注意力和信息处理。这是对两种报警呼叫的两种生理反应的新颖演示，每种反应都适合于呼叫所代表的威胁。
Glucocorticoids regulate glucose concentrations and responses to unpredictable events, while also modulating cognition. Juvenile Belding's ground squirrels (Urocitellus beldingi) learn to respond to whistle and trill alarm calls, warning of aerial and terrestrial predators, respectively, shortly after emerging from natal burrows at one month of age. Alarm calls can cause physiological reactions and arousal, and this arousal, coupled with watching adult responses, might help juveniles learn associations between calls and behavioural responses. I studied whether young show differential cortisol responses to alarm and non-alarm calls, using playbacks ofU. beldingiwhistles, trills, squeals (a conspecific control vocalization) and silent controls. Trills elicited very high cortisol responses, and, using an individual's response to the silent control as baseline, only their response to a trill was significantly higher than baseline. This cortisol increase would provide glucose for extended vigilance and escape efforts, which is appropriate for evading terrestrial predators which hunt for long periods. Although whistles do not elicit a cortisol response, previous research has shown that they do result in bradycardia, which enhances attention and information processing. This is a novel demonstration of two physiological responses to two alarm calls, each appropriate to the threats represented by the calls.