phoenixin(smim20), a gene coding for a novel reproductive ligand, is expressed in the brain of adult zebrafish
phoenixin(smim20), a gene coding for a novel reproductive ligand, is expressed in the brain of adult zebrafish
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gep.2020.119164
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发表时间：
2021-01-08
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Whitlock, K. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ceriani, R.;Calfun, C.;Whitlock, K. E.
促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）是一种高度保守的神经内分泌十肽，对青春期的开始和生殖状态的维持至关重要。除了作为下丘脑释放激素的作用外，GnRH还具有多种功能，包括调节神经系统内的神经活动和由此产生的行为。这些多重功能通过多种异构体的存在来反映。尽管它作为一个重要的下丘脑释放激素的重要性，gnrh 1基因已经失去了斑马鱼，其生殖功能是不补偿的其他GnRH亚型（GnRH 2和GnRH 3），这表明，令人惊讶的是，斑马鱼不使用任何的GnRH肽来控制生殖和生育。在此之前，我们提出Phoenixin/SMIM 20是一种在哺乳动物中发现的新肽，是孤儿GPR 173的配体，是控制斑马鱼性发育和生育能力启动的潜在候选者。在这里，我们确认了斑马鱼phoenixin/smim 20基因的序列，并通过RT-PCR显示，它在发育早期到成年期表达。随后，我们发现phoenixin/smim 20在成人大脑中表达，包括在控制生育和生殖方面重要的下丘脑区域。
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a highly conserved neuroendocrine decapeptide that is essential for the onset of puberty and the maintenance of the reproductive state. In addition to its role as hypothalamic releasing hormone, GnRH has multiple functions including modulator of neural activity within the nervous system and of resulting behaviors. These multiple functions are reflected by the existence of multiple isoforms. Despite its importance as a critical hypothalamic releasing hormone, the gnrh1 gene has been lost in zebrafish, and its reproductive function is not compensated for by other GnRH isoforms (GnRH2 and GnRH3), suggesting that, surprisingly, zebrafish do not use any of the GnRH peptides to control reproduction and fertility. Previously we proposed that Phoenixin/SMIM20, a novel peptide identified in mammals and the ligand for the orphan GPR173, is a potential candidate to control the initiation of sexual development and fertility in the zebrafish. Here we confirm the sequence of the zebrafish phoenixin/smim20 gene and by RT-PCR show that it is expressed early in development through adulthood. Subsequently we show that phoenixin/smim20 is expressed in the adult brain including the regions of the hypothalamus important in the control of fertility and reproduction.