Allergen recognition by innate immune cells: critical role of dendritic and epithelial cells.
Allergen recognition by innate immune cells: critical role of dendritic and epithelial cells.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2013.00356
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发表时间：
2013-11-04
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Ghaemmaghami AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salazar F;Ghaemmaghami AM
过敏是免疫系统对称为过敏原的非自身蛋白质的加剧反应，并且通常以偏向的2型T辅助细胞和有害的IgE介导的免疫反应为特征。过敏级联反应始于抗原呈递细胞（主要是树突细胞（DC））识别过敏原，导致Th2极化，转换为B细胞产生IgE，最终导致肥大细胞致敏和触发。DC在变态反应性疾病的发生发展中起着重要作用。使用不同的C型凝集素受体，DC能够识别并内化来自不同来源的许多过敏原，从而导致致敏。此外，越来越多的证据强调上皮细胞在触发和调节对过敏原的免疫应答中的作用。除了提供物理屏障外，上皮细胞还可以与过敏原相互作用，并通过释放大量Th2促进细胞因子来影响DC行为。在这篇综述中，我们将总结目前的认识过敏原是如何识别的DC和上皮细胞和什么是这样的相互作用的背景下，过敏性致敏和下游事件导致过敏性炎症的后果。更好地了解过敏原识别的分子机制和相关的信号通路可以开发更有效的治疗策略，靶向过敏性致敏的初始步骤，从而阻止过敏性疾病的发展或进展。
Allergy is an exacerbated response of the immune system against non-self-proteins called allergens and is typically characterized by biased type-2 T helper cell and deleterious IgE mediated immune responses. The allergic cascade starts with the recognition of allergens by antigen presenting cells, mainly dendritic cells (DCs), leading to Th2 polarization, switching to IgE production by B cells, culminating in mast cell sensitization and triggering. DCs have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in orchestrating allergic diseases. Using different C-type lectin receptors DCs are able to recognize and internalize a number of allergens from diverse sources leading to sensitization. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence highlighting the role of epithelial cells in triggering and modulating immune responses to allergens. As well as providing a physical barrier, epithelial cells can interact with allergens and influence DCs behavior through the release of a number of Th2 promoting cytokines. In this review we will summarize current understanding of how allergens are recognized by DCs and epithelial cells and what are the consequences of such interaction in the context of allergic sensitization and downstream events leading to allergic inflammation. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of allergen recognition and associated signaling pathways could enable developing more effective therapeutic strategies that target the initial steps of allergic sensitization hence hindering development or progression of allergic diseases.